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Immunoglobulin and Cytokine Production from Spleen Lymphocytes Is Modulated in C57BL/6J Mice by Dietary Cis-9, Trans-11 and Trans-10, Cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid

Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan and ^* Rinoru Oil Mills, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0027, Japan

¹To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: masawo{at}agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.

We evaluated the effect of cis-9, trans-11 (9c,11t) and trans-10, cis-12 (10t,12c) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the immune system in C57BL/6J mice. Mice were fed experimental diets containing 0% CLA (controls), 1% 9c,11t-CLA, 1% 10t,12c-CLA or a 1:1 mixture (0.5% + 0.5%) of these two CLA isomers for 3 wk. Relative spleen weights of all CLA fed mice were greater than the controls. Spleen lymphocytes isolated from the mice fed 10t,12c-CLA produced more immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgM but not IgG when stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) compared with controls. IgA production from unstimulated spleen lymphocytes was greater in the 10t, 12c-CLA group than in controls. Conversely, 9c,11t-CLA did not affect the production of any of the Ig subclasses. Lymphocytes isolated from 9c,11t-CLA fed mice produced more tumor necrosis factor- than the control group. The proportion of B cells in the spleen lymphocyte population was significantly lower in the 9c,11t-CLA group, and higher in the 10t,12c-CLA group than in the controls. Compared with the control group, the percentage of CD4⁺ T cells was lower in the 10t,12c-CLA group, and the percentage of CD8⁺ T cells was higher in the 9c,11t-CLA group. Furthermore, the percentage of CD8⁺ T cells was higher in the 1:1 mixture group than in controls. The CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio was lower in the 1:1 mixture group than in controls. These results suggest that 9c,11t and 10t,12c-CLA can stimulate different immunological effects and that the simultaneous intake of the two isomers can change the T cell population.

KEY WORDS: • conjugated linoleic acid • immunoglobulin • mice • cytokine

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