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© 2003 The American Society for Nutritional Sciences J. Nutr. 133:479-482, February 2003

Nutrient Metabolism
Research Communication

Tissue Antioxidant Status Differs in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Fed Fish Protein or Casein1

Dalila Ait Yahia, Sihem Madani*, Emmanuelle Prost{dagger}, Josiane Prost*, Malika Bouchenak and Jacques Belleville*2

Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Oran-31000 Es Sénia, Algérie; * Université de Bourgogne, UPRES Lipides Nutrition EA 2422, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France; and {dagger} Centre Européen de Recherches et d’Analyses, 21560 Couternon France

2To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. E-mail: jbellev{at}u-bourgogne.fr.

The present study was designed to determine whether changes in dietary protein source are related to changes in antioxidant status determined by enzyme activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), gluthatione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and gluthatione reductase (GSSG-Red) and lipid peroxidation levels in various tissues. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; 5 wk old) were fed diets containing 20% casein or fish protein for 2 mo. Feeding the fish protein diet lowered blood pressure and reduced plasma total cholesterol levels and SOD activity in all tissues except muscle compared with the casein diet. Feeding fish protein also enhanced GSH level and GSH-Px activity in liver and heart, accompanied by lower lipid peroxidation. In kidney, however, the lower catalase activity in rats fed fish protein was associated with an enhancement in lipid peroxidation. Plasma and VLDL + LDL lipid peroxidation was unaffected by dietary proteins. In conclusion, the fish protein diet did not play a relevant role in plasma antioxidative defense status but increased it in liver and heart compared with the casein diet. Fish protein attenuated the development of hypertension and also decreased plasma total cholesterol concentration. Thus, it enhances protection against cardiovascular diseases.

KEY WORDS: • spontaneously hypertensive rats • fish protein • antioxidant enzymes • lipid peroxidation




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