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Nutrient Metabolism

Ingestion of Difructose Anhydride III and Voluntary Running Exercise Independently Increase Femoral and Tibial Bone Mineral Density and Bone Strength with Increasing Calcium Absorption in Rats

Kazuki Shiga^*,, Hiroshi Hara^,1, Goroh Okano^**, Manabu Ito, Akio Minami and Fusao Tomita

^* Northern Advancement Center for Science and Technology, Colabo-Hokkaido, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; ^** Division of Exercise Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan

¹To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hara{at}chem.agr.hokudai.ac.jp.

Difructose anhydride III (DFAIII), a nondigestible disaccharide, promotes intestinal calcium absorption. Exercise-induced mechanical stimuli are essential for bone growth. In the present study, we examined the effects of consuming DFAIII and voluntary running exercise on calcium absorption and bone characteristics using male Sprague-Dawley rats (4 wk old). The study was designed in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with two conditions (sedentary or exercised) and two diets [AIN-93G diet with or without DFAIII (30 g/kg diet)]. Both consuming DFAIII and running exercise increased net calcium absorption, and the effects of DFAIII and exercise were additive. Both consuming DFAIII and exercise also increased femoral variables such as calcium content and total bone mineral density (BMD); however, only consuming DFAIII increased bone strength in the femur. Conversely, running exercise augmented tibial calcium content, total BMD and bone strength, but consuming DFAIII did not. We conclude that consuming DFAIII and running exercise additively enhance calcium absorption and differentially stimulate femoral and tibial BMD and mechanical properties in rats.

KEY WORDS: • difructose anhydride III • voluntary running exercise • calcium absorption • bone • rats

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