QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Annison, G. Articles by Topping, D. L. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Annison, G. Articles by Topping, D. L.

---

Nutrient Metabolism

Acetylated, Propionylated or Butyrylated Starches Raise Large Bowel Short-Chain Fatty Acids Preferentially When Fed to Rats^1,2

CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, Adelaide 5000 Australia

⁴To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: david.topping{at}csiro.au.

Maize starch was acylated with acetic, propionic or butyric anhydride to produce the corresponding acylated starch. In the first experiment, butyrylated starch at a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.25 (i.e., 1 acyl unit per 4 glucosyl units) was fed to rats for 3 d. Cecal and distal colonic SCFA concentrations were 170 and 78% higher, respectively, in rats fed the butyrylated starch. However, the greatest increase was in butyrate with corresponding increases of 460 and 212%. Subsequently, acetylated, propionylated or butyrylated starches with DS of 0.18 were prepared on a larger scale. Body weight gain did not differ between rats fed these acylated starches or a control starch for 14 d. Large bowel pH was significantly lower and digesta mass significantly higher throughout the large bowel in rats fed the acylated starches. Cecal + distal colonic starch averaged 12 mg in rats fed the control starch and 103, 134 and 135 (pooled SEM = 6) mg in rats fed acetylated, propionylated or butyrylated starch, respectively. Large bowel SCFA concentrations and pools were significantly higher in rats fed the three acylated starches and were disproportionately greater in the SCFA that had been esterified to the starch. In the cecum, acetate, propionate and butyrate pools were 280, 690 and 1060% higher, respectively, in rats fed the corresponding acylated starch than in those fed the control diet. In the distal colon, the corresponding increases were 320, 940 and 1370%. These data indicate that acylated starches are resistant starch (RS) and raise large bowel SCFA, apparently through bacterial release of the esterified fatty acid and fermentation of the residual starch.

KEY WORDS: • acylated starches • large bowel • rats • short-chain fatty acids • starch

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. H. Bajka, J. M. Clarke, L. Cobiac, and D. L. Topping Butyrylated starch protects colonocyte DNA against dietary protein-induced damage in rats Carcinogenesis, November 1, 2008; 29(11): 2169 - 2174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M. Clarke, D. L. Topping, A. R. Bird, G. P. Young, and L. Cobiac Effects of high-amylose maize starch and butyrylated high-amylose maize starch on azoxymethane-induced intestinal cancer in rats Carcinogenesis, November 1, 2008; 29(11): 2190 - 2194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M Clarke, A. R Bird, D. L Topping, and L. Cobiac Excretion of starch and esterified short-chain fatty acids by ileostomy subjects after the ingestion of acylated starches Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2007; 86(4): 1146 - 1151. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L. Kien, R. Blauwiekel, J. Y. Bunn, T. L. Jetton, W. L. Frankel, and J. J. Holst Cecal Infusion of Butyrate Increases Intestinal Cell Proliferation in Piglets J. Nutr., April 1, 2007; 137(4): 916 - 922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. R. Grider and B. E. Piland The peristaltic reflex induced by short-chain fatty acids is mediated by sequential release of 5-HT and neuronal CGRP but not BDNF Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, January 1, 2007; 292(1): G429 - G437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]