QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Bassaganya-Riera, J. Articles by Hontecillas, R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Bassaganya-Riera, J. Articles by Hontecillas, R.

---

Nutritional Immunology

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Ameliorates Viral Infectivity in a Pig Model of Virally Induced Immunosuppression^1,2

Josep Bassaganya-Riera³, Roman M. Pogranichniy, Scott C. Jobgen, Pat G. Halbur, Kyoung-Jin Yoon, Marianne O’Shea^*, Inge Mohede^* and Raquel Hontecillas

Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061; ^* Loders Croklaan BV, Lipid Nutrition, Channahon, IL 60410; and Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010

³To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jbassaga{at}vt.edu.

We investigated the cellular and molecular immunoregulatory actions of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) of relevance to viral disease pathogenesis and antiviral responses. To test the hypothesis that CLA ameliorates viral disease, we developed a viral challenge model by infecting pigs with type-2 porcine circovirus (PCV2). After 42 d of dietary supplementation with either soybean oil (n = 16) or CLA (n = 16), half of the pigs in each group were challenged with PCV2. We examined the effect of CLA on the development of lesions (i.e., lymphoid depletion and pneumonia) and observed the kinetics of the immune responses against PCV2. The viral infection depleted immature B cells (IgM⁺SWC3⁺) and favored proapoptotic mRNA expression profiles [i.e., suppressed B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-xl (Bcl-xl) and stimulated Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (Bak)] in the external inguinal lymph nodes. B-cell depletion was more accentuated in pigs fed the control diet, whereas interleukin (IL)-2 mRNA expression was downregulated. Histopathological examination of the lungs revealed that the interstitial pneumonia tended to be more severe in infected pigs fed the control diet, which were also affected by growth retardation. CD8⁺ T cells were the primary cellular targets of CLA action in peripheral blood (CD8⁺CD29^low and CD8⁺CD45RC⁺) and thymus (CD8⁺ and CD4⁺CD8⁺). CLA interacted with PCV2 to increase the proliferation of CD8⁺ T cells and to suppress PCV2-specific interferon (IFN)- production in CD4⁺ T cells. At the molecular level, these cellular immunoregulatory properties were associated with differential patterns of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ( and ) mRNA expression between diets in virally infected pigs.

KEY WORDS: • lipid nutrition • lymphoid depletion • growth suppression • conjugated linoleic acid

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. Bassaganya-Riera, A. J Guri, A. M Noble, K. A Reynolds, J. King, C. M Wood, M. Ashby, D. Rai, and R. Hontecillas Arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid enriched formulas modulate antigen-specific T cell responses to influenza virus in neonatal piglets Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2007; 85(3): 824 - 836. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. W Pariza Perspective on the safety and effectiveness of conjugated linoleic acid Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 1132S - 1136S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. O'Shea, J. Bassaganya-Riera, and I. C. Mohede Immunomodulatory properties of conjugated linoleic acid Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 1199S - 1206S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]