QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Peterson, D. G. Articles by Bauman, D. E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Peterson, D. G. Articles by Bauman, D. E.

---

Nutrient-Gene Interactions

Diet-Induced Milk Fat Depression in Dairy Cows Results in Increased trans-10, cis-12 CLA in Milk Fat and Coordinate Suppression of mRNA Abundance for Mammary Enzymes Involved in Milk Fat Synthesis^1,2

Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853

⁴To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: deb6{at}cornell.edu.

Milk composition can be altered by diet, and one example is milk fat depression (MFD) in dairy cows. The biohydrogenation theory of MFD has implicated unique fatty acids formed by altered rumen biohydrogenation of PUFA; one example is trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). In the present study, we induced MFD with a high concentrate/low forage (HC/LF) diet and examined milk composition, milk fatty acid changes and mammary lipogenic mRNA abundance to determine the mechanism involved. The HC/LF diet reduced milk fat percentage by 25% and yield by 27% with no effect on dietary intake, milk production, protein or lactose. Milk fatty acids synthesized de novo in the mammary gland and fatty acids taken up from circulation were reduced to a similar extent (molar basis). MFD was also characterized by the appearance of trans-10, cis-12 CLA in the milk fat. We analyzed mammary mRNA abundance for lipogenic genes and detected reductions for acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), fatty acyl CoA ligase, glycerol phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) and acylglycerol phosphate acyltransferase (AGPAT). There was no effect on the milk protein gene, -casein. The reductions in mRNA were also correlated with the appearance of trans-10, cis-12 CLA in the milk fat for ACC, FAS, lipoprotein lipase and GPAT. This study demonstrates that diet-induced MFD involves coordinated effects on mRNA for mammary lipid synthesis pathways, and provides support for a mechanism involving alterations in transcriptional activation of these genes.

KEY WORDS: • conjugated linoleic acid • milk fat • fatty acid synthesis • lipogenic genes • metabolomics

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. K. G. Kadegowda, L. S. Piperova, P. Delmonte, and R. A. Erdman Abomasal Infusion of Butterfat Increases Milk Fat in Lactating Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, June 1, 2008; 91(6): 2370 - 2379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. K. G. Kadegowda, L. S. Piperova, and R. A. Erdman Principal Component and Multivariate Analysis of Milk Long-Chain Fatty Acid Composition During Diet-Induced Milk Fat Depression J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2008; 91(2): 749 - 759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. E. Bauman, J. W. Perfield II, K. J. Harvatine, and L. H. Baumgard Regulation of Fat Synthesis by Conjugated Linoleic Acid: Lactation and the Ruminant Model J. Nutr., February 1, 2008; 138(2): 403 - 409. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Feng, A. M. Salter, T. Parr, and P. C. Garnsworthy Extraction and Quantitative Analysis of Stearoyl-Coenzyme A Desaturase mRNA from Dairy Cow Milk Somatic Cells J Dairy Sci, September 1, 2007; 90(9): 4128 - 4136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. T. M. van Knegsel, H. van den Brand, J. Dijkstra, W. M. van Straalen, R. Jorritsma, S. Tamminga, and B. Kemp Effect of Glucogenic vs. Lipogenic Diets on Energy Balance, Blood Metabolites, and Reproduction in Primiparous and Multiparous Dairy Cows in Early Lactation J Dairy Sci, July 1, 2007; 90(7): 3397 - 3409. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. W. Perfield II, A. L. Lock, J. M. Griinari, A. Saebo, P. Delmonte, D. A. Dwyer, and D. E. Bauman Trans-9, Cis-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Milk Fat Synthesis in Lactating Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, May 1, 2007; 90(5): 2211 - 2218. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. M. Cooke, J. K. Bernard, C. D. Wildman, J. W. West, and A. H. Parks Performance and Ruminal Fermentation of Dairy Cows Fed Whole Cottonseed with Elevated Concentrations of Free Fatty Acids in the Oil J Dairy Sci, May 1, 2007; 90(5): 2329 - 2334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Ollier, C. Robert-Granie, L. Bernard, Y. Chilliard, and C. Leroux Mammary Transcriptome Analysis of Food-Deprived Lactating Goats Highlights Genes Involved in Milk Secretion and Programmed Cell Death J. Nutr., March 1, 2007; 137(3): 560 - 567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. R. H. Moussavi, R. O. Gilbert, T. R. Overton, D. E. Bauman, and W. R. Butler Effects of Feeding Fish Meal and n-3 Fatty Acids on Milk Yield and Metabolic Responses in Early Lactating Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, January 1, 2007; 90(1): 136 - 144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Lock, C. Tyburczy, D. A. Dwyer, K. J. Harvatine, F. Destaillats, Z. Mouloungui, L. Candy, and D. E. Bauman Trans-10 Octadecenoic Acid Does Not Reduce Milk Fat Synthesis in Dairy Cows J. Nutr., January 1, 2007; 137(1): 71 - 76. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. J. Harvatine and D. E. Bauman SREBP1 and Thyroid Hormone Responsive Spot 14 (S14) Are Involved in the Regulation of Bovine Mammary Lipid Synthesis during Diet-Induced Milk Fat Depression and Treatment with CLA J. Nutr., October 1, 2006; 136(10): 2468 - 2474. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. C. Wright, J. P. Cant, J. T. Brenna, and B. W. McBride Acetyl CoA carboxylase shares control of fatty acid synthesis with fatty acid synthase in bovine mammary homogenate. J Dairy Sci, July 1, 2006; 89(7): 2552 - 2558. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. W. Perfield II, P. Delmonte, A. L. Lock, M. P. Yurawecz, and D. E. Bauman Trans-10, trans-12 conjugated linoleic acid does not affect milk fat yield but reduces delta9-desaturase index in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, July 1, 2006; 89(7): 2559 - 2566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. J. Harvatine and M. S. Allen Effects of Fatty Acid supplements on milk yield and energy balance of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, March 1, 2006; 89(3): 1081 - 1091. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. J. Harvatine and M. S. Allen Effects of Fatty Acid supplements on feed intake, and feeding and chewing behavior of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, March 1, 2006; 89(3): 1104 - 1112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Pottier, M. Focant, C. Debier, G. De Buysser, C. Goffe, E. Mignolet, E. Froidmont, and Y. Larondelle Effect of Dietary Vitamin E on Rumen Biohydrogenation Pathways and Milk Fat Depression in Dairy Cows Fed High-Fat Diets J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2006; 89(2): 685 - 692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. J. Shingfield, C. K. Reynolds, G. Hervas, J. M. Griinari, A. S. Grandison, and D. E. Beever Examination of the Persistency of Milk Fatty Acid Composition Responses to Fish Oil and Sunflower Oil in the Diet of Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2006; 89(2): 714 - 732. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Bell, J. M. Griinari, and J. J. Kennelly Effect of Safflower Oil, Flaxseed Oil, Monensin, and Vitamin E on Concentration of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Bovine Milk Fat J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2006; 89(2): 733 - 748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Reveneau, C. V. D. M. Ribeiro, M. L. Eastridge, N. R. St-Pierre, and J. L. Firkins Processing Whole Cottonseed Moderates Fatty Acid Metabolism and Improves Performance by Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, December 1, 2005; 88(12): 4342 - 4355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. J. Loor, A. Ferlay, A. Ollier, K. Ueda, M. Doreau, and Y. Chilliard High-Concentrate Diets and Polyunsaturated Oils Alter Trans and Conjugated Isomers in Bovine Rumen, Blood, and Milk J Dairy Sci, November 1, 2005; 88(11): 3986 - 3999. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. J. Loor, A. Ferlay, A. Ollier, M. Doreau, and Y. Chilliard Relationship Among Trans and Conjugated Fatty Acids and Bovine Milk Fat Yield Due to Dietary Concentrate and Linseed Oil J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2005; 88(2): 726 - 740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. S. Piperova, U. Moallem, B. B. Teter, J. Sampugna, M. P. Yurawecz, K. M. Morehouse, D. Luchini, and R. A. Erdman Changes in Milk Fat in Response to Dietary Supplementation with Calcium Salts of Trans-18:1 or Conjugated Linoleic Fatty Acids in Lactating Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, November 1, 2004; 87(11): 3836 - 3844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. G. Peterson, E. A. Matitashvili, and D. E. Bauman The Inhibitory Effect of trans-10, cis-12 CLA on Lipid Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Involves Reduced Proteolytic Activation of the Transcription Factor SREBP-1 J. Nutr., October 1, 2004; 134(10): 2523 - 2527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. W Pariza Perspective on the safety and effectiveness of conjugated linoleic acid Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 1132S - 1136S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. W. Perfield II, A. Saebo, and D. E. Bauman Use of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Enrichments to Examine the Effects of trans-8, cis-10 CLA, and cis-11, trans-13 CLA on Milk-Fat Synthesis J Dairy Sci, May 1, 2004; 87(5): 1196 - 1202. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]