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Human Nutrition and Metabolism
Research Communication

Fructose Prefeeding Reduces the Glycemic Response to a High-Glycemic Index, Starchy Food in Humans¹

Patricia M. Heacock^*2, Steven R. Hertzler^* and Bryan W. Wolf

^* School of Allied Medical Professions-Medical Dietetics Division, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1234 and Ross Products Division, Abbott Laboratories, Columbus, OH 43215-1724

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: heacock.13{at}osu.edu.

The study objective was to determine whether a small dose of fructose administered before or simultaneously with a high glycemic index, starchy food decreases postprandial glycemic response. Nondiabetic healthy adults (n = 31; mean ± SEM: age, 26 ± 1 y; weight, 66.1 ± 2.6 kg; body mass index, 23.3 ± 0.6 kg/m²) were studied in a randomized crossover design. Treatments consisted of 50 g available carbohydrate from instant mashed potatoes fed alone (control) or with 10 g fructose fed 60, 30 or 0 min before the potato meal. Capillary finger-stick blood samples were analyzed for glucose concentration at -60, -30, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min relative to the ingestion of the potato meal. Compared with the control, the positive incremental area under the glucose curve was reduced 25 and 27% (P < 0.01) when fructose was fed either 60 or 30 min before the meal, respectively. In contrast to previous studies demonstrating that immediate administration of a small amount of fructose lowers the glycemic response to a glucose solution, we found that fructose must be consumed before a starchy food to reduce postprandial glycemia.

KEY WORDS: • fructose • glycemia • breath hydrogen • glycemic index • starch • humans

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