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Human Nutrition and Metabolism

Hydrolysis of Isoflavone Glycosides to Aglycones by ß-Glycosidase Does Not Alter Plasma and Urine Isoflavone Pharmacokinetics in Postmenopausal Women

Myriam Richelle^*1, Sylvie Pridmore-Merten^*, Stefan Bodenstab, Marc Enslen^* and Elizabeth A. Offord^*

^* Department of Nutrition, Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland and Nestlé Product Technology Centre Konolfingen, Konolfingen, Switzerland

¹To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: myriam.richelle{at}rdls.nestle.com.

We investigated whether the bioavailability of isoflavones could be enhanced by enzymatic hydrolysis of glycosides to aglycones before consumption of a nonfermented soy food. Two drinks were formulated with an enriched isoflavone extract from soy germ (Fujiflavone P10), one of which was hydrolyzed enzymatically with ß-glucosidase to produce aglycones. In a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over study, six European, postmenopausal women consumed each soy drink at a 1-wk interval at a concentration of 1 mg total isoflavones/kg body. The plasma and urinary pharmacokinetics of daidzein, genistein and glycitein did not differ after consumption of the two beverages. Plasma total isoflavone concentrations reached 4–5 µmol/L. The pharmacokinetics of glycitein were similar to those of daidzein. The isoflavone secondary metabolites detected were dihydrodaidzein in plasma and O-desmethylangolensin, equol, and dihydrogenistein in urine. The ratios of individual isoflavones to one another were not conserved from food to plasma to urine, indicating that the individual isoflavones do not have the same absorptions and body retentions. In conclusion, previous hydrolysis of glycosides to aglycones does not enhance the bioavailability of isoflavones in humans.

KEY WORDS: • isoflavones • soy • bioavailability • excretion • glycosides • plasma • humans

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