![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
*
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610 and
Departamento de Bioquimica, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, Brazil
3To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mkilberg{at}ufl.edu.
The human genes for C/EBP homology protein (chop) and asparagine synthetase (AS) are model systems to investigate transcription induced by nutrient limitation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The genomic cis-elements in the promoters of these two genes that mediate these responses have been identified and partially characterized. Multiple cis-elements are functional in each gene, but differences exist in the molecular mechanisms by which these genes respond to amino acid or glucose deprivation. Whereas chop expression is associated with cell stress and apoptosis, activation of the AS gene by ER stress indicates that asparagine may also be critical for cellular processes other than protein synthesis.
KEY WORDS: • transcription • nutrient control • gene expression • stress • nitrogen metabolism
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Kaneko, E. Okuda-Ashitaka, A. Ando, K. Nishimura, K. Igarashi, M. Maeda, K. Furuta, M. Suzuki, M. Matsumura, and S. Ito Polyamines upregulate the mRNA expression of cationic amino acid transporter-1 in human retinal pigment epithelial cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, August 1, 2007; 293(2): C729 - C737. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Chen and M. S. Kilberg Alignment of the Transcription Start Site Coincides with Increased Transcriptional Activity from the Human Asparagine Synthetase Gene Following Amino Acid Deprivation of HepG2 Cells J. Nutr., October 1, 2006; 136(10): 2463 - 2467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Chen, Y.-X. Pan, E. E. Dudenhausen, and M. S. Kilberg Amino Acid Deprivation Induces the Transcription Rate of the Human Asparagine Synthetase Gene through a Timed Program of Expression and Promoter Binding of Nutrient-responsive Basic Region/Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors as Well as Localized Histone Acetylation J. Biol. Chem., December 3, 2004; 279(49): 50829 - 50839. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Averous, A. Bruhat, C. Jousse, V. Carraro, G. Thiel, and P. Fafournoux Induction of CHOP Expression by Amino Acid Limitation Requires Both ATF4 Expression and ATF2 Phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem., February 13, 2004; 279(7): 5288 - 5297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. Palii, H. Chen, and M. S. Kilberg Transcriptional Control of the Human Sodium-coupled Neutral Amino Acid Transporter System A Gene by Amino Acid Availability Is Mediated by an Intronic Element J. Biol. Chem., January 30, 2004; 279(5): 3463 - 3471. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Fernandez, A. B. Lopez, C. Wang, R. Mishra, L. Zhou, I. Yaman, M. D. Snider, and M. Hatzolgou Transcriptional Control of the Arginine/Lysine Transporter, Cat-1, by Physiological Stress J. Biol. Chem., December 12, 2003; 278(50): 50000 - 50009. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Pan, H. Chen, F. Siu, and M. S. Kilberg Amino Acid Deprivation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induce Expression of Multiple Activating Transcription Factor-3 mRNA Species That, When Overexpressed in HepG2 Cells, Modulate Transcription by the Human Asparagine Synthetase Promoter J. Biol. Chem., October 3, 2003; 278(40): 38402 - 38412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Averous, A. Bruhat, S. Mordier, and P. Fafournoux Recent Advances in the Understanding of Amino Acid Regulation of Gene Expression J. Nutr., June 1, 2003; 133(6): 2040S - 2045. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. L. Martinez-Chantar, M. U. Latasa, M. Varela-Rey, S. C. Lu, E. R. Garcia-Trevijano, J. M. Mato, and M. A. Avila L-Methionine Availability Regulates Expression of the Methionine Adenosyltransferase 2A Gene in Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells: ROLE OF S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE J. Biol. Chem., May 23, 2003; 278(22): 19885 - 19890. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
