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Nutrient Metabolism

Supplemental Fructose Attenuates Postprandial Glycemia in Zucker Fatty fa/fa Rats¹

Bryan W. Wolf^*,2, Phillip M. Humphrey^*, Craig W. Hadley^*, Kati S. Maharry^*, Keith A. Garleb^* and Jeffrey L. Firkins

^* Ross Products Division, Abbott Laboratories, Columbus, OH 43215 and OSU Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bryan.wolf{at}abbott.com.

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of supplemental fructose on postprandial glycemia. After overnight food deprivation, Zucker fatty fa/fa rats were given a meal glucose tolerance test. Plasma glucose response was determined for 180 min postprandially. At a dose of 0.16 g/kg body, fructose reduced (P < 0.05) the incremental area under the curve (AUC) by 34% when supplemented to a glucose challenge and by 32% when supplemented to a maltodextrin (a rapidly digested starch) challenge. Similarly, sucrose reduced (P = 0.0575) the incremental AUC for plasma glucose when rats were challenged with maltodextrin. Second-meal glycemic response was not affected by fructose supplementation to the first meal, and fructose supplementation to the second meal reduced (P < 0.05) postprandial glycemia when fructose had been supplemented to the first meal. In a dose-response study (0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 g/kg body), supplemental fructose reduced (P < 0.01) the peak rise in plasma glucose (linear and quadratic effects). In the final experiment, a low dose of fructose (0.075 g/kg body) reduced (P < 0.05) the incremental AUC by 18%. These data support the hypothesis that small amounts of oral fructose or sucrose may be useful in lowering the postprandial blood glucose response.

KEY WORDS: • fructose • glycemia • Zucker fatty fa/fa rats • blood glucose control

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