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Nutrient Interactions and Toxicity

Dietary Sesame Seed and Its Lignans Inhibit 2,7,8-Trimethyl- 2(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman Excretion into Urine of Rats Fed -Tocopherol¹

Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Life Studies, Sugiyama Jogakuen University, Nagoya 464-8662, Japan

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kanaey{at}food.sugiyama-u.ac.jp.

We showed previously that dietary sesame seed and its lignans elevate the tocopherol concentration in rats. To clarify their effect on tocopherol metabolism, we determined in this study the urinary excretion of 2,7,8-trimethyl-2(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman (-CEHC), a -tocopherol metabolite, in rats fed sesame seed or its lignans. Rats were fed diets with or without sesame seed for 28 d in Experiment 1, and for 1, 3 and 7 d in Experiment 2. On d 28, dietary sesame seed elevated (P < 0.05) -tocopherol concentrations in liver, kidney, brain and serum, and decreased (P < 0.05) urinary excretion of -CEHC. The excretion was completely inhibited by feeding sesame seed on d 1 and 3. In Experiment 3, the effects of dietary sesamin and sesaminol (major lignans in sesame seed) or ketoconazole (a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P₄₅₀ (CYP)3A on urinary excretion of -CEHC in rats fed -tocopherol were examined. The urinary -CEHC in rats fed sesamin or sesaminol was markedly lower than in rats fed -tocopherol alone (P < 0.05). Dietary ketoconazole also inhibited (P < 0.05) urinary excretion of -CEHC, and elevated (P < 0.05) -tocopherol concentrations in tissues and serum of rats fed -tocopherol. These data suggest that sesame seed and its lignans elevate -tocopherol concentration due to the inhibition of CYP3A-dependent metabolism of -tocopherol.

KEY WORDS: • carboxychroman • cytochrome P₄₅₀ • rats • sesame lignan • sesame seed • -tocopherol

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