![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
*
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 and
Mead Johnson Nutritionals, Evansville, IN 47721
3To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bob_harrell{at}ncsu.edu.
Addition of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to infant formula promotes visual and neural development. This study was designed to determine whether the source of dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) affected overall animal health and safety. Piglets consumed ad libitum from 1 to 16 d of age a skim milk-based formula with different fat sources added to provide 50% of the metabolizable energy. Treatment groups were as follows: control (CNTL; no added LCPUFA), egg phospholipid (PL), algal/fungal triglyceride (TG) oils, TG plus PL (soy lecithin source) added to match phospholipid treatment (TG + PL) and essential fatty acid deficient (EFAD). Formulas with LCPUFA provided 0.6 and 0.3 g/100 g total fatty acids as AA and DHA, respectively. CNTL piglets had 40% longer ileal villi than PL piglets (P < 0.03), but the TG group was not different from the CNTL group. Gross liver histology did not differ among any of the formula-fed groups (P > 0.1). Apparent dry matter digestibility was 10% greater in CNTL, TG and TG + PL groups compared with PL piglets (P < 0.002). No differences in alanine aminotransferase were detected among treatments, but aspartate aminotransferase was elevated (P < 0.03) in PL piglets compared with TG + PL piglets. Total plasma AA concentration was greater in the TG group compared with CNTL piglets (P < 0.05). Total plasma DHA concentrations were greater in TG piglets compared with PL (P < 0.06) or CNTL (P < 0.02) piglets. These data demonstrate that the algal/fungal TG sources of DHA and AA may be a more appropriate supplement for infant formulas than the egg PL source based on piglet plasma fatty acid profiles and apparent dry matter digestibilities.
KEY WORDS: • long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid • pigs • neonates • arachidonic acid • docosahexaenoic acid
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. A. Hess, B. A. Corl, X. Lin, S. K. Jacobi, R. J. Harrell, A. T. Blikslager, and J. Odle Enrichment of Intestinal Mucosal Phospholipids with Arachidonic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids Fed to Suckling Piglets Is Dose and Time Dependent J. Nutr., November 1, 2008; 138(11): 2164 - 2171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Vaisman, N. Kaysar, Y. Zaruk-Adasha, D. Pelled, G. Brichon, G. Zwingelstein, and J. Bodennec Correlation between changes in blood fatty acid composition and visual sustained attention performance in children with inattention: effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids containing phospholipids Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2008; 87(5): 1170 - 1180. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. A. Corl, S. A. Mathews Oliver, X. Lin, W. T. Oliver, Y. Ma, R. J. Harrell, and J. Odle Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Body Fat Accretion and Lipogenic Gene Expression in Neonatal Pigs Fed Low- or High-Fat Formulas J. Nutr., March 1, 2008; 138(3): 449 - 454. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Bassaganya-Riera, A. J Guri, A. M Noble, K. A Reynolds, J. King, C. M Wood, M. Ashby, D. Rai, and R. Hontecillas Arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid enriched formulas modulate antigen-specific T cell responses to influenza virus in neonatal piglets Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2007; 85(3): 824 - 836. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Ebert, A. S. Berman, R. J. Harrell, A. M. Kessler, S. G. Cornelius, and J. Odle Vegetable Proteins Enhance the Growth of Milk-Fed Piglets, Despite Lower Apparent Ileal Digestibility J. Nutr., September 1, 2005; 135(9): 2137 - 2143. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Sala-Vila, A. I. Castellote, C. Campoy, M. Rivero, M. Rodriguez-Palmero, and M. C. Lopez-Sabater The Source of Long-Chain PUFA in Formula Supplements Does Not Affect the Fatty Acid Composition of Plasma Lipids in Full-Term Infants J. Nutr., April 1, 2004; 134(4): 868 - 873. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L Blanaru, J. R Kohut, S. C Fitzpatrick-Wong, and H. A Weiler Dose response of bone mass to dietary arachidonic acid in piglets fed cow milk-based formula Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2004; 79(1): 139 - 147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
