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Human Nutrition and Metabolism

Fructooligosaccharides and Lactobacillus acidophilus Modify Bowel Function and Protein Catabolites Excreted by Healthy Humans

Kelly S. Swanson^*, Christine M. Grieshop, Elizabeth A. Flickinger, Laura L. Bauer^*, Bryan W. Wolf^**, JoMay Chow^**, Keith A. Garleb^**, Jennifer A. Williams^** and George C. Fahey, Jr^*,1

^* Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 and ^** Ross Products Division of Abbott Laboratories, Columbus, OH 43215

¹To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. E-mail: gcfahey{at}uiuc.edu.

The objective of this experiment was to determine whether supplementation with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and (or) Lactobacillus acidophilus (LAC) affected bowel function and fermentative end-product concentrations in feces of healthy humans. Subjects (n = 68) were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study design. After a 4-wk baseline period, subjects consumed one of the following treatments twice daily for 4 wk: 1) 3 g sucrose + 80 mg cornstarch; 2) 3 g FOS + 80 mg cornstarch; 3) 3 g sucrose + 1 x 10⁹ colony-forming units (cfu) LAC; or 4) 3 g FOS + 1 x 10⁹ cfu LAC. Subjects completed 7-d bowel function forms and 3-d dietary records before collection of fresh stool samples at wk 4, 6 and 8. Statistical analyses were performed on differences from baseline using the General Linear Models procedure of SAS. Fructooligosaccharides decreased fecal ammonia (P = 0.07) and isovalerate (P = 0.12) concentrations at wk 6. At wk 8, FOS tended (P = 0.11) to increase fecal putrescine concentrations. Lactobacillus decreased fecal organic matter percentage at wk 6 (P < 0.05) and 8 (P = 0.07). At wk 6 and 8, LAC increased (P < 0.05) fecal 2-methylindole, total indole, and total indole and phenol concentrations. At wk 8, LAC decreased fecal agmatine (P = 0.08) and phenylethylamine (P < 0.05) concentrations. In conclusion, FOS and LAC modified several metabolites associated with gut health, with FOS tending to be beneficial (decreased fecal protein catabolites) and LAC being negative (increased fecal protein catabolites).

KEY WORDS: • humans • oligosaccharides • prebiotic • probiotic • colon health

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