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Research Communication

Choline Deficiency–Induced Liver Damage Is Reversible in Pemt^-/- Mice¹

Department of Biochemistry and CIHR Group on Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada

⁴To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dennis.vance{at}ualberta.ca.

Hepatic tissue has two pathways for phosphatidylcholine (PC) synthesis, i.e., the cytidinediphosphocholine (CDP-choline) pathway and the methylation pathway, which utilizes phosphatidylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PEMT). Fatal liver damage occurs in Pemt^-/-mice fed a choline-deficient (CD) diet. We investigated whether liver damage can be reversed by the addition of dietary choline. Mice (8 wk old) were fed the CD purified diet for 4 d, a choline-supplemented (CS) diet (CD diet + 0.4% choline chloride) for 4 d, or the CD diet for 3 d and a CS diet for 1 d (CD/CS). Pemt^-/-mice fed the CD diet for 3 d exhibited liver damage as assayed by plasma aminotransferase levels. The livers appeared normal after subsequent feeding of the CS diet for 1 d (CD/CS). The activities of plasma aminotransferases of CD/CS fed mice were comparable to Pemt^-/-mice fed the CS diet. Hepatic PC and triacylglycerol levels as well as plasma PC levels in the CD/CS-fed Pemt^-/-mice were lower than those of mice fed the CD diet and began to approach normal levels. Although the CD diet induces liver damage in Pemt^-/-mice, this damage can be rapidly reversed by the addition of dietary choline.

KEY WORDS: • phosphatidylcholine • choline deficiency • phosphatidylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase knockout mice

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