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Research Communication

Indirect Calorimetry Protocol Development for Measuring Resting Metabolic Rate as a Component of Total Energy Expenditure in Free-Living Postmenopausal Women¹

Neilann K. Horner^*, Johanna W. Lampe^*,, Ruth E. Patterson^*,, Marian L. Neuhouser^*2, Shirley A. Beresford^*, and Ross L. Prentice^*

^* Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Research Program and the Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-1024.

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mneuhous{at}fhcrc.org

An objective measure of energy intake is needed in epidemiologic studies to evaluate random and systematic error associated with dietary self-report tools. Total energy expenditure in weight-stable humans is accepted as a measure of energy intake, but doubly labeled water remains cost prohibitive for large studies. Our purpose was to develop a practical indirect calorimetry (IC) protocol for estimating resting metabolic rate (RMR) in free-living, postmenopausal women. We conducted duplicate IC measures 1 wk apart using a canopy system on 102 women ages 50–79 y from the Seattle area. We compared RMR for 0–5, 5–10, 5–15, 5–20, 5–25, 5–30, and 0- to 30-min IC segments and segments meeting stability criteria. The mean RMR for the first 5 min was significantly higher than other time segments (P = 0.001). Correlation coefficients between duplicate measures were high (r = 0.90). Use of defined stability criteria produced RMR measures that were 10–30 kcal (42–126 kJ) higher than the 5- to 10-min RMR measures and 40–60% of subjects did not achieve these stability criteria. For protocols including IC to assess RMR as a component of total energy expenditure in free-living, postmenopausal women, a single 10-min canopy study, excluding the first 5 min of data, produces reliable results with minimal subject burden.

KEY WORDS: • indirect calorimetry • energy expenditure • postmenopausal women • dietary intake reporting error

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