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Articles

Olive Oil Decreases both Oxidative Stress and the Production of Arachidonic Acid Metabolites by the Prostaglandin G/H Synthase Pathway in Rat Macrophages^{1 ,2}

Juan J. Moreno^*, T. Carbonell, T. Sánchez^*, S. Miret and Maria T. Mitjavila³

^* Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain

³To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tmitja{at}bio.ub.es

Fish oil has a preventive role in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, but little is known about the effect of olive oil, which is widely consumed in Mediterranean regions. We examined the influence of dietary olive oil, corn oil and fish oil-rich diets on the production of superoxide anion (O₂^-) and nitric oxide (^·NO) by resident macrophages stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and their effect on arachidonic acid release, prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 (PGHS-2) expression and the subsequent prostaglandin E₂ production. Resident peritoneal macrophages stimulated by PMA from rats fed with olive oil or corn oil had the same level of O₂^- production, but these levels were increased by the fish oil diet. Olive oil and the fish oil diets increased ^·NO and decreased arachidonic acid mobilization and the production of prostaglandin E₂. PGHS-2 expression, however, was not affected by diet. We conclude that although olive oil and fish oil reduce arachidonic acid mobilization and subsequent metabolism through the PGHS-2 pathway in PMA-stimulated macrophages, only olive oil offers an additional beneficial effect by increasing ^·NO/O₂^- production.

KEY WORDS: • fish oil • nitric oxide • olive oil • prostaglandins • superoxide anion • rats

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