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Articles

Combined Selenium and Vitamin E Deficiency Causes Fatal Myopathy in Guinea Pigs¹

Divisions of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Research Unit, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-2279

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kristina.hill{at}mcmail.vanderbilt.edu.

Selenium and vitamin E deficiencies were studied as part of an evaluation of oxidant defenses in guinea pigs. Male guinea pigs (100–120 g) were fed a control diet (C) or the diet without selenium (0 Se), without vitamin E (0 E), or without either selenium or vitamin E (0 Se-0 E). Between d 30 and 35, 7 of 13 guinea pigs fed the 0 Se-0 E diet were euthanized because of severe weakness of their extremities. No guinea pigs in the other diet groups developed weakness. Guinea pigs from each group were killed on d 37. Selenium deficiency and vitamin E deficiency were verified by measurement of glutathione peroxidase and -tocopherol. Creatine phophokinase (CPK) activity was greater than controls in both groups fed vitamin E–deficient diets, but the increase was greater in the 0 Se-0 E group than in the 0 E group. Muscle F₂-isoprostanes were greater than controls in both groups fed vitamin E–deficient diets with the level in the 0 Se-0 E group greater than that in the 0 E group. Histologic muscle necrosis was severe in the 0 Se-0 E group, minimal in the 0 E group and absent from other groups. The diets used in this study induced selenium and vitamin E deficiencies in guinea pigs. The study demonstrates that combined selenium and vitamin E deficiency results in a fatal myopathy in guinea pigs that is associated with lipid peroxidation in the affected muscle. This nutritional myopathy is much more severe than the myopathy that occurs with vitamin E deficiency alone.

KEY WORDS: • myopathy • selenium • vitamin E • lipid peroxidation • guinea pigs

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