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Supplement

Chronic Pulmonary Insufficiency in Children and Its Effects on Growth and Development^{1 ,2}

U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030

³To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed at U.S. Department of Agriculture/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Street, Houston TX 77030. E-mail: sabrams{at}bcm.tmc.edu.

Conditions leading to chronic pulmonary insufficiency can affect infants and children. These can lead to growth failure and delayed development. Among the most common and severe of these are bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and cystic fibrosis. In addition to the respiratory consequences of these diseases, there is ample evidence that they lead to decreased growth as a result of decreased energy intake and increased energy expenditure. Furthermore, there is evidence that infants with BPD may also have delayed development, independent of the effects of their prematurity. Enhancing the long-term outlook for these conditions may therefore require consideration of both improved pulmonary management and aggressive nutritional management to limit growth failure and potentially enhance developmental outcome. Specific micronutrient supplementation, such as antioxidant therapy, may also enhance pulmonary and nutritional status.

KEY WORDS: • prematurity • nutritional supplementation • bronchopulmonary dysplasia

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