![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
*
Department of Medical Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Box 281, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden and
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
2To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Alicja.Wolk{at}mep.ki.se
The fatty acid intake is in part reflected by the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue and serum lipids. We evaluated whether the proportions of myristic (14:0), pentadecanoic (15:0) and heptadecanoic (17:0) fatty acids in the adipose tissue triacylglycerols and serum cholesterol esters and phospholipids reflect long-term dairy fat consumption in free-living men. In 114 healthy men aged 40–76 y, we compared the relative content of 14:0, 15:0 and 17:0 in subcutaneous adipose tissue and in serum lipids with relative intake (g/100 g of total fat) assessed by two 1-wk weighed food records made 6 mo apart and assessed by fourteen 24-h dietary recall interviews equally distributed during 1 y. According to food records, the mean ± SD dairy fat intake was 24.9 ± 13.1 g/d (29.6 ± 10.5 g/100 g total fat); intake of 14:0, 15:0 and 17:0 was 4.6, 0.23 and 0.16 g/100 g total fat, and the content in adipose tissue was 3.6, 0.36 and 0.25 g/100 g fatty acids, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients between intake of dairy fat (based on 24-h recalls) and fatty acid composition of adipose tissue were 0.64 (P < 0.001) for 14:0, 0.74 (P < 0.001) for 15:0 and 0.60 (P < 0.001) for 15:0 + 17:0. Corresponding correlations with serum cholesterol esters were 0.34 (P < 0.001) (14:0), 0.45 (P < 0.001) (15:0) and 0.56 (P < 0.001) (15:0 + 17:0), and with serum phospholipids the values were 0.30 (P < 0.01) (14:0), 0.50 (P < 0.001) (15:0) and 0.50 (P < 0.001) (15:0 plus 17:0). In our study population, the relative content of 15:0 or 14:0 in adipose tissue is a valid biomarker for long-term dairy fat intake in free-living individuals. When adipose tissue is not available, 15:0 content in serum cholesterol esters or phospholipids might be used. Intake data based on repeated 24-h recalls are equally informative and may be an equivalent choice in nutritional studies.
KEY WORDS: • biological markers • adipose tissue • serum • fatty acids • milk fat • humans
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. Saadatian-Elahi, N. Slimani, V. Chajes, M. Jenab, J. Goudable, C. Biessy, P. Ferrari, G. Byrnes, P. Autier, P. H. Peeters, et al. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid profiles and their association with food intakes: results from a cross-sectional study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2009; 89(1): 331 - 346. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. C. Elwood, D. I. Givens, A. D. Beswick, A. M. Fehily, J. E. Pickering, and J. Gallacher The Survival Advantage of Milk and Dairy Consumption: an Overview of Evidence from Cohort Studies of Vascular Diseases, Diabetes and Cancer J. Am. Coll. Nutr., December 1, 2008; 27(6): 723S - 734S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. L Crowe, N. E Allen, P. N Appleby, K. Overvad, I. V Aardestrup, N. F Johnsen, A. Tjonneland, J. Linseisen, R. Kaaks, H. Boeing, et al. Fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids and risk of prostate cancer in a case-control analysis nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2008; 88(5): 1353 - 1363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Elwood, A. Fehily, J. Pickering, and I. Givens Pentadecanoic acid (15:0), milk, and ischemic heart disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2008; 87(5): 1540 - 1541. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Sun, J. Ma, H. Campos, and F. B Hu Plasma and erythrocyte biomarkers of dairy fat intake and risk of ischemic heart disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2007; 86(4): 929 - 937. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M Hodge, D. R English, K. O'Dea, A. J Sinclair, M. Makrides, R. A Gibson, and G. G Giles Plasma phospholipid and dietary fatty acids as predictors of type 2 diabetes: interpreting the role of linoleic acid Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2007; 86(1): 189 - 197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. L Crowe, C M. Skeaff, T. J Green, and A. R Gray Serum fatty acids as biomarkers of fat intake predict serum cholesterol concentrations in a population-based survey of New Zealand adolescents and adults. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2006; 83(4): 887 - 894. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. M. Skeaff, L. Hodson, and J. E. McKenzie Dietary-Induced Changes in Fatty Acid Composition of Human Plasma, Platelet, and Erythrocyte Lipids Follow a Similar Time Course J. Nutr., March 1, 2006; 136(3): 565 - 569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Baylin, M. K. Kim, A. Donovan-Palmer, X. Siles, L. Dougherty, P. Tocco, and H. Campos Fasting Whole Blood as a Biomarker of Essential Fatty Acid Intake in Epidemiologic Studies: Comparison with Adipose Tissue and Plasma Am. J. Epidemiol., August 15, 2005; 162(4): 373 - 381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. S Rosell, Z. Lloyd-Wright, P. N Appleby, T. A. Sanders, N. E Allen, and T. J Key Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma in British meat-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2005; 82(2): 327 - 334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Sjogren, M. Rosell, C. Skoglund-Andersson, S. Zdravkovic, B. Vessby, U. de Faire, A. Hamsten, M.-L. Hellenius, and R. M. Fisher Milk-Derived Fatty Acids Are Associated with a More Favorable LDL Particle Size Distribution in Healthy Men J. Nutr., July 1, 2004; 134(7): 1729 - 1735. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Wolk, S. C. Larsson, B. Vessby, A. Wolk, and K. Brismar Metabolic, Anthropometric, and Nutritional Factors as Predictors of Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 Levels in Middle-Aged and Elderly Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2004; 89(4): 1879 - 1884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Andersson, C. Nalsen, S. Tengblad, and B. Vessby Fatty acid composition of skeletal muscle reflects dietary fat composition in humans Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2002; 76(6): 1222 - 1229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Baylin, E. K Kabagambe, X. Siles, and H. Campos Adipose tissue biomarkers of fatty acid intake Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2002; 76(4): 750 - 757. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Byberg, A. Smedman, B. Vessby, and H. Lithell Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Relations to Fatty Acid Composition in the Diet and in Serum Cholesterol Esters Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2001; 21(12): 2086 - 2092. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
