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Supplement: Recent Advances on the Nutritional Effects Associated with the Use of Garlic as a Supplement

Alleviation by Garlic of Antitumor Drug–Induced Damage to the Intestine¹

Toshiharu Horie², Shoji Awazu^*, Yoichi Itakura and Tohru Fuwa

Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan; ^* Department of Biopharmaceutics, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Tokyo 192-0355, Japan; and Central Research Laboratories, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Company, Hiroshima 739-1105, Japan

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: horieto{at}p.chiba-u.ac.jp.

ABSTRACT

Antitumour drugs such as methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) induce intestinal damage. This is a serious side effect of cancer chemotherapy. The present studies examined whether or not aged garlic extract (AGE) protects against damage from these antitumor drugs. Both drugs were administered orally for 4 or 5 d to rats fed a standard laboratory diet with and without 2% AGE. The small intestinal absorption of the poorly absorbable compound, fluorescein isothiocyanate–labeled dextran (FD-4; average molecular weight, 4400) was used to evaluate the damage to the intestine using the in vitro everted intestine technique and the in situ intestinal loop technique. FD-4 absorption increased in the antitumour drug–treated rats fed the diet without garlic. Interestingly, FD-4 absorption was depressed in rats fed the diet containing AGE. These results suggest that AGE may protect the small intestine of rats from antitumour drug–induced damage.

KEY WORDS: • aged garlic extract • methotrexate • 5-fluorouracil • intestinal damage • protection

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