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Articles

High Levels of Dietary Carnosine Are Associated with Increased Concentrations of Carnosine and Histidine in Rat Soleus Muscle

L. Michele Maynard^*,,**1, Gilbert A. Boissonneault^*,, Ching K. Chow^, and Geza G. Bruckner^*,

^* Department of Clinical Science/Division of Clinical Nutrition, Center for Nutritional Sciences, and Multidisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506 and ^** Department of Community Health/Division of Human Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Kettering, Ohio 45425

¹To whom correspondence should be addressed at Division of Human Biology, Department of Community Health, Wright State University, School of Medicine, 3171 Research Blvd., Kettering, OH 45420. E-mail: leah.maynard{at}wright.edu

The aims of this investigation were to: 1) determine the effect of a moderately high dose of carnosine on muscle concentrations of carnosine, histidine and vitamin E at deficient, minimally adequate and sufficient levels of dietary vitamin E and 2) compare the effects of moderately high and pharmacological doses of carnosine on muscle concentrations of carnosine, histidine and vitamin E when dietary vitamin E is minimally adequate. Muscle concentrations of carnosine, histidine and vitamin E were measured in the lateral gastrocnemius and red and white vastus lateralis; carnosine and histidine concentrations were also measured in soleus muscle. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 12/group) were fed a basal vitamin E–deficient diet supplemented with either 0, 0.001 or 0.01% vitamin E and 0, 0.1 or 1.8% carnosine. After 8 wk, 1.8% carnosine resulted in significant fivefold increases in carnosine and twofold increases in histidine in the soleus muscle (P 0.05). Muscle vitamin E concentrations were not significantly affected by dietary carnosine. Thus, very high levels of dietary carnosine are associated with increases in carnosine and histidine concentrations in rat soleus muscle.

KEY WORDS: • fast-twitch glycolytic muscle • fast-twitch oxidative-glycolytic muscle • slow twitch oxidative muscle • histidine-containing dipeptides • rats

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