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Nutritional Methodology

The Reconstruction of Kleiber’s Law at the Organ-Tissue Level¹

ZiMian Wang^*, Timothy P. O’Connor, Stanley Heshka^* and Steven B. Heymsfield^*

Obesity Research Center, St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10025 and Department of Biology, City College of New York, CUNY, New York, NY 10025 ^*

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zw28{at}columbia.edu

ABSTRACT

The relationship between resting energy expenditure (REE) (kJ/d) and body mass (M) (kg) is a cornerstone in the study of energy physiology. By expressing REE as a function of body mass observed across mammals, Kleiber formulated the now classic equation: REE = 293M^0.75. The biological processes underlying Kleiber’s law have been a topic of long-standing interest and speculation. In the present report we develop a new perspective of Kleiber’s law by developing an organ-tissue level REE model consisting of five components: liver, brain, kidneys, heart and remaining tissues. The resting thermal output of each component is the product of the component’s specific resting metabolic rate (K) and mass (T). With increasing body size, the K values for all five components had negative exponents and were directly proportional to M^-0.08--0.27, and all component T values were directly proportional to M^0.76-1.01. The resulting exponents of the product (K x T) were M^0.60-0.86 for the five components. Although the (K x T) values of individual components do not scale equally, their combined formula (286M^0.76) is similar to that observed by Kleiber on the whole-body level. Modeling mammalian REE at the organ-tissue level provides new insights and pathways for future mechanistic explorations of REE–body composition relationships.

KEY WORDS: • Kleiber’s law • energy metabolism • body composition.

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