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(Journal of Nutrition. 2001;131:127-131.)
© 2001 The American Society for Nutritional Sciences

Article

Wheat Aleurone Flour Increases Cecal ß-Glucuronidase Activity and Butyrate Concentration and Reduces Colon Adenoma Burden in Azoxymethane-Treated Rats

Graeme H. McIntosh, Peter J. Royle and Greg Pointing1

CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia

1To whom correspondence should be addressed at P.O. Box 10041. E-mail: graeme.mcintosh{at}hsn.csiro.au

Processed wheat aleurone flour (WAF) is a source of insoluble fermentable dietary fiber that comes from the outer layers of the wheat kernel. A study was designed to evaluate WAF, wheat bran (WB) and {alpha}-cellulose as the source of dietary fiber (5 g/100 g of diet) in a semipurified high fat (20 g/100 g of as 1:1 lard/sunflower seed oil) diet fed to male Sprague-Dawley rats in which intestinal tumors were induced using azoxymethane (AOM). WAF at 33 g/100 g of diet (WAF33) and WB at 16 g/100 g of diet (WB16) increased the weight of feces and produced significantly higher concentrations in the cecum of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate (P < 0.001) than did no fiber (NF) and WAF added at only 10 g/100 g (1.5 g of dietary fiber) (WAF10). Cecal and fecal pH were both significantly lower in the WAF33 and WB16 treatments relative to control and no fiber treatments (P < 0.001). The intestinal tumors in the rats were assessed at 6 mo after the study began, and the WAF33- or WB16-fed rats showed a trend (P = 0.06) with 43% fewer colon adenomas relative to control. There was a significant inverse relationship between ß-glucuronidase activity and colon adenomas in the rat colon (r2 = 0.37, P = 0.001). WAF fiber influenced some metabolic markers of fermentation in the colon in a manner similar to that of WB, which, independent of the bulking effect, was associated with a trend to reduced colon adenomas. Significantly increased cecal ß-glucuronidase activity and/or butyrate concentrations may have protective influences in this context by mechanisms not yet fully elucidated.

KEY WORDS: • azoxymethane • colon tumors • wheat aleurone flour • ß-glucuronidase • rats




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