![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80262
Zinc homeostasis is primarily maintained via the gastrointestinal system by the processes of absorption of exogenous zinc and gastrointestinal secretion and excretion of endogenous zinc. Although these processes modulate net absorption and the size of the readily exchangeable zinc pools, there are limits to the effectiveness of the homeostatic mechanisms of these and other systems. As a result of the interplay of the subcellular regulation of these mechanisms and host, dietary and environmental factors, zinc deficiency is not uncommon, especially on a global basis. This overview briefly reviews current understanding about the subcellular mechanisms of zinc absorption and transport. Factors recognized to affect zinc absorption at the whole body level are reviewed and include the amount and form of zinc consumed; dietary promoters, such as animal protein and low-molecular-weight organic compounds; dietary inhibitors, such as phytate and possibly iron and calcium when consumed as supplements; and physiologic states, such as pregnancy, lactation and early infancy, all of which increase the demand for absorbed zinc. The control of endogenously secreted zinc is less well understood. Available data suggest that the quantity of secreted zinc with each meal may be considerable and that efficient reabsorption is critical to the maintenance of normal zinc balance. Factors that have been proposed to interfere with the normal reabsorption of endogenous zinc include phytate and unabsorbed fat. Understanding of the dietary, physiologic, pathologic and environmental factors that may adversely affect these processes, and therefore zinc homeostasis, will be critical to preventing and treating zinc deficiency in human populations.
KEY WORDS: • zinc absorption • zinc homeostasis • metallothionein • zinc transporters • zinc intake
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  T. D. Thacher, O. Aliu, I. J. Griffin, S. D. Pam, K. O. O'Brien, G. E. Imade, and S. A. Abrams Meals and Dephytinization Affect Calcium and Zinc Absorption in Nigerian Children with Rickets J. Nutr., May 1, 2009; 139(5): 926 - 932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Yu, L. Lu, X. G. Luo, and B. Liu Kinetics of Zinc Absorption by In Situ Ligated Intestinal Loops of Broilers Involved in Zinc Transporters Poult. Sci., June 1, 2008; 87(6): 1146 - 1155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Joung, B. Y. Jeun, S. J. Li, J. Kim, L. R. Woodhouse, J. C. King, R. M. Welch, and H. Y. Paik Fecal Phytate Excretion Varies with Dietary Phytate and Age in Women J. Am. Coll. Nutr., June 1, 2007; 26(3): 295 - 302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Kim, H. Y. Paik, H. Joung, L. R. Woodhouse, S. Li, and J. C. King Effect of Dietary Phytate on Zinc Homeostasis in Young and Elderly Korean Women J. Am. Coll. Nutr., February 1, 2007; 26(1): 1 - 9. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. L. MURILLO-FUENTES, R. ARTILLO, M. L. OJEDA, M. J. DELGADO, M. L. MURILLO, and O. CARRERAS EFFECTS OF PRENATAL OR POSTNATAL ETHANOL CONSUMPTION ON ZINC INTESTINAL ABSORPTION AND EXCRETION IN RATS Alcohol Alcohol., January 1, 2007; 42(1): 3 - 10. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Kaler and R. Prasad Molecular cloning and functional characterization of novel zinc transporter rZip10 (Slc39a10) involved in zinc uptake across rat renal brush-border membrane Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, January 1, 2007; 292(1): F217 - F229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. H. Zlotkin, C. Schauer, S. O. Agyei, J. Wolfson, M. C. Tondeur, K. P. Asante, S. Newton, R. E. Serfass, and W. Sharieff Demonstrating Zinc and Iron Bioavailability from Intrinsically Labeled Microencapsulated Ferrous Fumarate and Zinc Gluconate Sprinkles in Young Children J. Nutr., April 1, 2006; 136(4): 920 - 925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. E. King, J. W. Frentzel, J. J. Mann, and P. J. Fraker Chronic Zinc Deficiency in Mice Disrupted T Cell Lymphopoiesis and Erythropoiesis While B Cell Lymphopoiesis and Myelopoiesis Were Maintained J. Am. Coll. Nutr., December 1, 2005; 24(6): 494 - 502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. V. Agte, S. A. Chiplonkar, and K. V. Tarwadi Factors Influencing Zinc Status of Apparently Healthy Indians J. Am. Coll. Nutr., October 1, 2005; 24(5): 334 - 341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Feillet-Coudray, N. Meunier, M. Rambeau, M. Brandolini-Bunlon, J.-C. Tressol, M. Andriollo, A. Mazur, K. D Cashman, and C. Coudray Long-term moderate zinc supplementation increases exchangeable zinc pool masses in late-middle-aged men: the Zenith Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2005; 82(1): 103 - 110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Wang, B.-E. Kim, M. J. Petris, and D. J. Eide The Mammalian Zip5 Protein Is a Zinc Transporter That Localizes to the Basolateral Surface of Polarized Cells J. Biol. Chem., December 3, 2004; 279(49): 51433 - 51441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Dufner-Beattie, S. J. Langmade, F. Wang, D. Eide, and G. K. Andrews Structure, Function, and Regulation of a Subfamily of Mouse Zinc Transporter Genes J. Biol. Chem., December 12, 2003; 278(50): 50142 - 50150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Dufner-Beattie, F. Wang, Y.-M. Kuo, J. Gitschier, D. Eide, and G. K. Andrews The Acrodermatitis Enteropathica Gene ZIP4 Encodes a Tissue-specific, Zinc-regulated Zinc Transporter in Mice J. Biol. Chem., August 29, 2003; 278(35): 33474 - 33481. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. M. Osendarp, C. E. West, and R. E. Black The Need for Maternal Zinc Supplementation in Developing Countries: An Unresolved Issue J. Nutr., March 1, 2003; 133(3): 817S - 827. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. K. Lee, J. Geiser, J. Dufner-Beattie, and G. K. Andrews Pancreatic Metallothionein-I May Play a Role in Zinc Homeostasis during Maternal Dietary Zinc Deficiency in Mice J. Nutr., January 1, 2003; 133(1): 45 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Malone Supplemental Zinc in Wound Healing: Is It Beneficial? Nutr Clin Pract, October 1, 2000; 15(5): 253 - 256. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
