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(Journal of Nutrition. 2000;130:566-572.)
© 2000 The American Society for Nutritional Sciences


Article

Endogenous Gut Nitrogen Losses in Growing Pigs Are Not Caused by Increased Protein Synthesis Rates in the Small Intestine1 ,2

Charles M. Nyachoti, Cornelis F. M. de Lange3, Brian W. McBride, Steve Leeson and Vince M. Gabert4

Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1

3To whom correspondence should be addressed.

The purpose of this study was to establish, using a flooding dose of L-[ring 2, 6-3H] phenylalanine, whether feeding pigs diets that induce high endogenous gut nitrogen losses (ENL) also increases protein synthesis rates in (PSR) the visceral organs. Twelve 18-kg Yorkshire barrows with catheters in the right and left jugular veins were fed for 3 wk either casein-cornstarch- (CC) or barley-canola meal- (BCM) based diets formulated to a similar digestible energy /crude protein ratio and designed to induce either low or high ENL, respectively. Pigs were infused with 10 mL/kg body weight of a 150 mmol · L-1 phenylalanine solution containing 230 MBq · L-1 labeled phenylalanine for 12 min and killed 20 min later. Plasma phenylalanine specific radioactivity (SRA) rose to a plateau value within 3 min of starting the infusion and did not change (P > 0.10) thereafter. Fractional rates of protein synthesis (Ks, %/d) based on SRA in plasma- or intracellular-free phenylalanine did not differ (P > 0.10) in all tissues except pancreas (P < 0.05). Diet affected Ks in liver (P < 0.01) and colon (P < 0.05) but not in pancreas, duodenum, jejunum and cecum. Based on plasma-free phenylalanine SRA, liver Kswere 85.4 ± 11.0 vs. 60.5 ± 5.2 (mean ± SEM) in CC- and BCM-fed pigs, respectively; these values were 82.3 ± 4.7 vs. 98.2 ± 5.8 in the colon. The absolute amount of protein synthesis (g · d-1) was higher in the liver (P < 0.05) and pancreas (P < 0.05) of the CC pigs compared to BCM pigs. No dietary effects were observed in all other organs (P > 0.10). The present results suggest that feeding growing pigs a BCM diet that induces high ENL does not affect PSR in the small intestine of growing pigs from which >50% of ENL originates.


KEY WORDS: • pigs • protein synthesis • visceral organs • diet composition




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