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Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
3To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: >blumberg@hnrc.tufts.edu" locator-type="email">locator-type="email">blumberg@hnrc.tufts.edu locator="" locator-type="email">
Elevated homocysteine has been identified as an independent risk factor
for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Although multivitamin
use has been associated with low plasma homocysteine concentrations in
several observational studies, no clinical trials have been conducted
using multivitamin/mineral supplements to lower homocysteine. We
determined whether a multivitamin/mineral supplement formulated at
about 100% Daily Value will further lower homocysteine concentration
and improve B-vitamin status in healthy older adults already
consuming a diet fortified with folic acid. In this randomized,
double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 80 free-living men and
women aged 50–87 y with total plasma homocysteine concentrations of
8 µmol/L received either a multivitamin/mineral supplement or
placebo for 56 d while consuming their usual diet. After the 8-wk
treatment, subjects taking the supplement had significantly higher
B-vitamin status and lower homocysteine concentration than controls
(P < 0.01). Plasma folate, pyridoxal phosphate
(PLP) and vitamin B-12 concentrations were increased 41.6, 36.5 and
13.8%, respectively, in the supplemented group, whereas no
changes were observed in the placebo group. The mean homocysteine
concentration decreased 9.6% in the supplemented group (P
< 0.001) and was unaffected in the placebo group. There were no
significant changes in dietary intake during the intervention.
Multivitamin/mineral supplementation can improve B-vitamin status
and reduce plasma homocysteine concentration in older adults already
consuming a folate-fortified diet.
KEY WORDS: • homocysteine • multivitamin • aging • humans • folic acid • supplements
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