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Department of Nutrition, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
2To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Anecdotal data suggest that the amount of vitamin D available in the environment either from sunshine exposure or diet may be an important factor affecting the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans. We tested the vitamin D hypothesis in an experimental animal model of IBD. Interleukin (IL)-10 knockout (KO) mice, which spontaneously develop symptoms resembling human IBD, were made vitamin D deficient, vitamin D sufficient or supplemented with active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol). Vitamin D–deficient IL-10 KO mice rapidly developed diarrhea and a wasting disease, which induced mortality. In contrast, vitamin D–sufficient IL-10 KO mice did not develop diarrhea, waste or die. Supplementation with 50 IU of cholecalciferol (5.0 µg/d) or 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (0.005 µg/d) significantly (P < 0.05) ameliorated symptoms of IBD in IL-10 KO mice. 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol treatment (0.2 µg/d) for as little as 2 wk blocked the progression and ameliorated (P < 0.05) symptoms in IL-10 KO mice with already established IBD.
KEY WORDS: • vitamin D • inflammatory bowel disease • 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol • mice
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