![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
Section of Nutrition and Health, NIZO Food Research, 6710 BA Ede, The Netherlands
2To whom correspondence should be addressed.
During fat digestion, fatty acids and monoglycerides are liberated in the gastrointestinal tract. Generally, these lipids are potent inhibitors of gram-positive bacteria in vitro but have less effect on gram-negative microbes. Considering this, we hypothesized that increased intake of bovine milk fat would result in enhanced gastrointestinal killing of Listeria monocytogenes (gram-positive) but have little effect on infection with Salmonella enteritidis (gram-negative) in rats. To test this, rats were fed either low milk fat diets (10% of energy obtained from milk fat, corresponding to 4.2 g fat/100 g diet) or high milk fat diets (40% of energy obtained from milk fat, corresponding to 19.6 g fat/100 g diet). After adaptation to these diets, rats were orally infected with Listeria or Salmonella. Greater milk fat consumption in Listeria-infected rats diminished intestinal colonization of Listeria (P < 0.05) and reduced diarrhea (P < 0.05). Analysis of gastrointestinal contents showed that killing of Listeria occurred predominantly in the stomach. High milk fat intake significantly augmented this gastric listericidal capacity (P < 0.05) and raised the concentration of medium-chain and saturated long-chain free fatty acids and of monoglycerides of C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1 in gastric chyme (P < 0.05). Considering the in vitro listericidal capacity of these agents, it was concluded that particularly the free fatty acids C10:0, C12:0 and C14:0 and the monoglycerides of C12:0, C14:0, and C16:0 seem to play a pivotal role in this enhanced Listeria killing. In contrast, Salmonella infection was not affected by milk fat consumption. In conclusion, high milk fat intake results in higher concentrations of gastric bactericidal lipids and thereby protects against Listeria infection but not against Salmonella.
KEY WORDS: • fatty acids • bactericidal • gastrointestinal • infection • rats
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  I M J Bovee-Oudenhoven, S J M ten Bruggencate, M L G Lettink-Wissink, and R van der Meer Dietary fructo-oligosaccharides and lactulose inhibit intestinal colonisation but stimulate translocation of salmonella in rats Gut, November 1, 2003; 52(11): 1572 - 1578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. S. Schmidt, C. M. Nyachoti, and B. A. Slominski Nutritional evaluation of egg byproducts in diets for early-weaned pigs J Anim Sci, September 1, 2003; 81(9): 2270 - 2278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Smith, K. Takeuchi, R. E. Brackett, H. M. McClure, R. B. Raybourne, K. M. Williams, U. S. Babu, G. O. Ware, J. R. Broderson, and M. P. Doyle Nonhuman Primate Model for Listeria monocytogenes-Induced Stillbirths Infect. Immun., March 1, 2003; 71(3): 1574 - 1579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. C. Sprong, M. F. E. Hulstein, and R. Van der Meer Dietary Calcium Phosphate Promotes Listeria monocytogenes Colonization and Translocation in Rats Fed Diets Containing Corn Oil but Not Milk Fat J. Nutr., June 1, 2002; 132(6): 1269 - 1274. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. C. Sprong, M. F. E. Hulstein, and R. Van der Meer Bactericidal Activities of Milk Lipids Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., April 1, 2001; 45(4): 1298 - 1301. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. C. Metges Contribution of Microbial Amino Acids to Amino Acid Homeostasis of the Host J. Nutr., July 1, 2000; 130(7): 1857S - 1864. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
