Plasma Lipids and Fatty Acid Synthase Activity Are Regulated by Short-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides in Sucrose-Fed Insulin-Resistant Rats

Manuscript received 16 October 1997. Initial reviews completed 15 December 1997. Revision accepted 7 April 1998.

Nasrin Agheli, Morvarid Kabir, Sibilla Berni-Canani, Estelle Petitjean,, Abdelghani Boussairi^*, Jing Luo, Francis Bornet, Gerard Slama, and Salwa W. Rizkalla

Department of Diabetes and INSERM U341, ^* Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, 75004 Paris, France and  Eridania Beghin-Say, Nutrition and Health Service, Vilvoorde, Belgium

The aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic effects of a short-chain fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS)-containing diet on plasma lipids and the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in insulin-resistant rats. Normal male Sprague-Dawley rats, 5 wk old, were randomly assigned to two groups and fed either a sucrose-rich diet (S, 575 g sucrose /kg diet and 140 g lipids/kg diet) or a sucrose-rich diet supplemented with 10 g/100 g short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (S/FOS). A third reference group (R) was fed a standard nonpurified diet (g/kg, 575 g starch, 50 g fat). After 3 wk the sucrose-fed rats (compared with the R group) were characterized by the following: 1) higher insulin responses after a glucose challenge (P < 0.05); 2) heavier liver (P < 0.001) and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (P < 0.01); 3) hypertriglyceridemia (P < 0.0001) and higher plasma free fatty acids (P < 0.0001); and 4) higher fatty acid synthase activity in the liver but a low activity in the adipose tissue (P < 0.001). The addition of FOS to the diet resulted in 11% lower liver weight than in the S group (P < 0.05) and tended to result in lower adipose tissue weight (P < 0.11). Plasma triglycerides and plasma free fatty acids were lower in S/FOS- than in S-fed rats (P < 0.05). Chylomicrons + VLDL, and intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) concentrations did not differ between groups, nor was plasma cholesterol influenced by diet. Hepatic FAS activity was lower in S/FOS-fed rats than in the S-fed rats (P < 0.05). In adipose tissue, however, this activity tended to be greater in rats fed S/FOS than in rats fed the S diet (P < 0.07). In conclusion, in a rat model of diet-induced (57.5% sucrose and 14% lipids) insulin resistance, the addition of short-chain FOS prevented some lipid disorders, lowered fatty acid synthase activity in the liver and tended to raise this activity in the adipose tissue. Short-chain FOS, in addition to being a nondigestible sweetener with good bulking capacity, might be useful in the treatment of insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia.

The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 128 No. 8 August 1998, pp. 1283-1288
Copyright ©1998 by the American Society for Nutritional Sciences

This article has been cited by other articles:

				F. Respondek, K. S. Swanson, K. R. Belsito, B. M. Vester, A. Wagner, L. Istasse, and M. Diez Short-Chain Fructooligosaccharides Influence Insulin Sensitivity and Gene Expression of Fat Tissue in Obese Dogs J. Nutr., September 1, 2008; 138(9): 1712 - 1718. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Broca, V. Breil, C. Cruciani-Guglielmacci, M. Manteghetti, C. Rouault, M. Derouet, S. Rizkalla, B. Pau, P. Petit, G. Ribes, et al. Insulinotropic agent ID-1101 (4-hydroxyisoleucine) activates insulin signaling in rat Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 2004; 287(3): E463 - E471. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Letexier, C. Pinteur, V. Large, V. Frering, and M. Beylot Comparison of the expression and activity of the lipogenic pathway in human and rat adipose tissue J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2003; 44(11): 2127 - 2134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Peyron-Caso, A. Quignard-Boulange, M. Laromiguiere, S. Feing-Kwong-Chan, A. Veronese, B. Ardouin, G. Slama, and S. W. Rizkalla Dietary Fish Oil Increases Lipid Mobilization but Does Not Decrease Lipid Storage-Related Enzyme Activities in Adipose Tissue of Insulin-Resistant, Sucrose-Fed Rats J. Nutr., July 1, 2003; 133(7): 2239 - 2243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Peyron-Caso, M. Taverna, M. Guerre-Millo, A. Veronese, N. Pacher, G. Slama, and S. W. Rizkalla Dietary (n-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Up-Regulate Plasma Leptin in Insulin-Resistant Rats J. Nutr., August 1, 2002; 132(8): 2235 - 2240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Luo, M. Van Yperselle, S. W. Rizkalla, F. Rossi, F. R. J. Bornet, and G. Slama Chronic Consumption of Short-Chain Fructooligosaccharides Does Not Affect Basal Hepatic Glucose Production or Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetics J. Nutr., June 1, 2000; 130(6): 1572 - 1577. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				C. A. Daubioul, H. S. Taper, L. D. De Wispelaere, and N. M. Delzenne Dietary Oligofructose Lessens Hepatic Steatosis, but Does Not Prevent Hypertriglyceridemia in Obese Zucker Rats J. Nutr., May 1, 2000; 130(5): 1314 - 1319. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. Kabir, S. W. Rizkalla, A. Quignard-Boulangé, M. Guerre-Millo, J. Boillot, B. Ardouin, J. Luo, and G. Slama A High Glycemic Index Starch Diet Affects Lipid Storage-Related Enzymes in Normal and to a Lesser Extent in Diabetic Rats J. Nutr., November 1, 1998; 128(11): 1878 - 1883. [Abstract] [Full Text]