Insulin, Glucagon-like Peptide 1, Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I as Putative Mediators of the Hypolipidemic Effect of Oligofructose in Rats

Manuscript received 26 November 1997. Initial reviews completed 28 January 1998. Revision accepted 16 March 1998.

Nadine N. Kok, Linda M. Morgan, Christine M. Williams^**, Marcel B. Roberfroid, Jean-Paul Thissen^*, and Nathalie M. Delzenne

Unité de Biochimie Toxicologique et Cancérologique, Département des Sciences Pharmaceutiques and ^* Unité de Diabétologie et de Nutrition, Département de Médecine Interne, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium;  School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, UK; and ^** Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK

The addition of oligofructose as a dietary fiber decreases the serum concentration and the hepatic release of VLDL-triglycerides in rats. Because glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and gut peptides [i.e., glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)]) are factors involved in the metabolic response to nutrients, this paper analyzes their putative role in the hypolipidemic effect of oligofructose. Male Wistar rats were fed a nonpurified diet with or without 10% oligofructose for 30 d. Glucose, insulin, IGF-I and GIP concentrations were measured in the serum of rats after eating. GIP and GLP-1 contents were also assayed in small intestine and cecal extracts, respectively. A glucose tolerance test was performed in food-deprived rats. Serum insulin level was significantly lower in oligofructose-fed rats both after eating and in the glucose tolerance test, whereas glycemia was lower only in the postprandial state. IGF-I serum level did not differ between groups. GIP concentration was significantly higher in the serum of oligofructose-fed rats. The GLP-1 cecal pool was also significantly higher. In this study, we have shown that cecal proliferation induced by oligofructose leads to an increase in GLP-1 concentration. This latter incretin could be involved in the maintenance of glycemia despite a lower insulinemia in the glucose tolerance test in oligofructose-fed rats. We discuss also the role of hormonal changes in the antilipogenic effect of oligofructose.

The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 128 No. 7 July 1998, pp. 1099-1103
Copyright ©1998 by the American Society for Nutritional Sciences

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