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Histidine Availability Alters Glucagon Gene Expression in Murine alpha TC6 Cells

Gregory L. Paul, Aparna Waegner, H. Rex Gaskins*, and Neil F. Shay

Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, * Department of Animal Sciences, and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801

Because individual amino acids (AA) stimulate glucagon release from pancreatic alpha -cells, the purpose of this study was to determine if individual AA could influence glucagon gene expression. Preproglucagon mRNA levels were 67% lower (P < 0.05) in mouse alpha TC6 cells incubated for 12 h in amino acid-free medium compared with cells incubated in complete medium containing all 20 AA. A time-course study indicated that alpha TC6 cells incubated in amino acid-free medium ± 1 µmol/L puromycin or amino acid-containing medium plus puromycin exhibited similar preproglucagon mRNA decreases over 12 h. When 1 µmol/L actinomycin was added to medium with or without AA, ppG mRNA concentrations decreased (P < 0.05) for 3 h; however, values at 12 h were not different than those at 3 h. Deletions of single AA from complete medium demonstrated that only histidine removal or depletion reproduced the decrease in ppG mRNA observed in amino acid-free medium. We conclude that histidine is involved in the regulation of preproglucagon mRNA levels in alpha TC6 cells and that this regulation may be operative during both transcriptional and post-transcriptional events.

Key words: , amino acids, gene expression, glucagon bullet  histidine, mice.

The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 128 No. 6 June 1998, pp. 973-976
Copyright ©1998 by the American Society for Nutritional Sciences




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