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Endocrine* and Anesthesia Research Units, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905
Sarcopenia of aging is not explained entirely on the basis of age-associated reduced physical activity. Progressive neuromuscular changes and diminishing anabolic hormone levels are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. Decline in muscle mass indicates a decline in muscle protein content. Recent studies demonstrated an age-related decline in synthesis rate of mixed muscle proteins, myosin heavy chain and mitochondrial protein. Reductions in myosin heavy chain and mitochondrial protein synthesis rates have been correlated with age-associated decrements in muscle strength and aerobic exercise tolerance, respectively. These changes have been reported as early as 50 y of age and are related to the decline in insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-sulfate. The declining ability to remodel these important muscle proteins may therefore play a role in the development of muscle wasting, metabolic abnormalities and impaired physical functioning seen in old age.
Key words: muscle protein synthesis, anabolic hormones, muscle mass, humans.
The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 128 No. 2 February 1998,
pp. 351S-355S
Copyright ©1998 by the American Society for Nutritional Sciences
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