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Induction and Modulation of Acute-Phase Response by Protein Malnutrition in Rats: Comparative Effect of Systemic and Localized Inflammation on Interleukin-6 and Acute-Phase Protein Synthesis

Manuscript received 31 October 1996. Initial reviews completed 22 January 1997. Revision accepted 29 September 1997.

Saïd Lyoumi, Fabienne Tamion, Jean Petit*, Pierre Déchelotte*, Claudine Dauguet*, Michel Scotté, Martine Hiron, Antony Leplingard, Jean Philippe Salier, Maryvonne Daveau, and Jean Pierre Lebreton

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale et Institut Féderatif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides, 76233 Bois-Guillaume Cedex, France and * Groupe de Biochimie et de Physiopathologie Digestive et Nutritionnelle, Faculté de Médecine, 76800 Saint Etienne Rouvray Cedex, France

The acute-phase protein (APP) response is regulated by cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), but may also be influenced by malnutrition. The aims of this study were as follows: 1) to determine in rats the effect of a protein-deficient diet on IL-6 mRNA expression in intestine, liver and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and on alpha -1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) and alpha -2 macroglobulin (A2M) serum levels and hepatic mRNA expression; 2) to compare, in protein-deficient rats, the IL-6 and APP responses after a turpentine (TO)- or a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation; and 3) to determine the effect of a protein malnutrition on IL-6 mRNA expression in rat PBMC treated ex vivo with LPS. Interleukin-6 mRNA was present in intestine and PBMC but not in the liver of malnourished rats, and was absent in any tissue or cells of controls. A2M was present in the serum from malnourished rats but not after refeeding. AGP mRNA expression was not influenced by protein malnutrition. In malnourished rats, IL-6 serum level peaked later than in controls after TO and LPS treatment. In malnourished TO-treated rats, A2M mRNA increased earlier than in controls and remained detectable later than in controls. AGP mRNA expression after TO was not influenced by protein malnutrition. In PBMC of malnourished rats, LPS-induced IL-6 mRNA expression occurred earlier and lasted longer than in controls. Our results indicate that protein malnutrition by itself induces IL-6 and A2M expression, and that it modulates the APP response to inflammation.

Key words: acute phase response, malnutrition, systemic inflammation, localized inflammation, rats.

The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 128 No. 2 February 1998, pp. 166-174
Copyright ©1998 by the American Society for Nutritional Sciences




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