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Manuscript received 22 April 1998. Initial reviews completed 15 June 1998. Revision accepted 31 August 1998.
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* INSERM U316, Laboratoire de Biophysique Médicale et Pharmaceutique, 37200 Tours, France, Laboratoire d'Ethologie et de Pharmacologie du Comportement, 37200 Tours, France and ** INRA, Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
We studied the effects of a fish oil enriched diet on fatty acid composition of cerebral membranes and on several neurochemical and behavioral variables of monoaminergic function in rats. The frontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus and cerebellum were studied in rats fed fish oil (FPO, 50% salmon oil + 50% palm oil), which provided an (n-6)/(n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio of 0.14 versus 6.19 in controls fed a diet containing a mixture of African peanut oil and rapeseed oil. In the FPO group compared to the control group, the major modifications in fatty acid composition of cerebral membranes included the following: higher levels in 22:6(n-3), lower levels in 20:4(n-6) and a significantly greater proportion of phosphatidylserine. Dopamine levels were 40% greater in the frontal cortex of rats fed FPO than from those fed the control diet. In this cerebral region there was also a reduction in monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) activity and greater binding to dopamine D2 receptors. By contrast, a lower binding to dopamine D2 receptors (
7%) was observed in the striatum. Ambulatory activity was also reduced in FPO-fed rats, possibly related to observed changes in striatal dopaminergic receptors. This suggested that the level of (n-6) PUFA, which was considerably lower in the FPO diet than in the control diet, could act on locomotion through an effect on striatal dopaminergic function, whereas the high level of (n-3) PUFA could act on cortical dopaminergic function.
The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 128 No. 12 December 1998,
pp. 2512-2519
Copyright ©1998 by the American Society for Nutritional Sciences
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