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Supplementation with Canthaxanthin Affects Plasma and Tissue Distribution of alpha - and gamma -Tocopherols in Mice

Manuscript received 23 December 1997. Initial reviews completed 9 February 1998. Revision accepted 8 June 1998.

Paola Palozza, Gabriella Calviello, Simona Serini*, Piera Moscato, and Gianna Maria Bartoli*,

Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy and * Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy

The effects of oral doses of canthaxanthin on tissue distribution of alpha - and gamma -tocopherols were investigated in three experiments in male and female Balb/c mice. Mice were assigned to receive canthaxanthin [7 or 14 µg/(g body weight·d)] or placebo (olive oil) by gavage for different periods of time (0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 wk). A 2 wk-treatment with canthaxanthin resulted in incorporation of the carotenoid in all tissues analyzed, including liver, spleen, kidney, lung and heart. In liver, the maximum accumulation of the carotenoid was reached after 2 wk of dosing in female mice and after 6 wk in male mice. Canthaxanthin incorporation was accompanied by changes in alpha - and gamma -tocopherol concentrations in plasma and tissues. These included the following: 1) a significant increase (P < 0.001) in alpha -tocopherol concentration in spleen (21 and 27% in male and female mice, respectively) after 2 wk and in liver (~50% in both male and female mice) after 6 wk; 2) a significant decrease in gamma -tocopherol concentration in plasma (P < 0.05) and tissues (P < 0.001) after 2 wk of treatment. In female mice, this decrease was 55% in plasma, 43% in liver, 44% in kidney, 71% in lung and 70% in heart. In male mice, the decrease was observed only in plasma (30%), kidney (54%) and heart (46%). In liver, the decrease in gamma -tocopherol concentration was both dose- and time-dependent and significantly (P < 0.001) greater in female than in male mice. We conclude that dietary administration of canthaxanthin modifies tocopherol status in murine tissues.

Key words: canthaxanthin, alpha -tocopherol, gamma -tocopherol, mice, tissue distribution.

The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 128 No. 11 November 1998, pp. 1989-1994
Copyright ©1998 by the American Society for Nutritional Sciences




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