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Manuscript received 2 June 1997. Initial reviews completed 8 July 1997. Revision accepted 10 September 1997.
Division of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
Macronutrient selection patterns of male rats were analyzed using a 3-choice macronutrient selection system providing either adequate (+Zn) or deficient (
Zn) levels of zinc (30 or 1 mg Zn/kg). In study 1, rats were provided +Zn and Zn diets for 28 d. All rats preferred carbohydrate (>50% carbohydrate intake) at the onset, consuming an average of 71% carbohydrate (cho), 17% protein (pro), and 12% fat. By the end of the study, 25% of the Zn rats switched preference from cho to fat, whereas no +Zn rats changed. In study 2, Zn rats preferring fat increased their total intake to normal levels, but only 50% reverted to carbohydrate preference after 35 d of zinc repletion. Hypothalamic concentrations of galanin were measured in groups of +Zn and Zn cho- and fat-preferring rats. Galanin, which may be regulated with fat intake, was not different in Zn rats preferring fat vs. Zn rats preferring cho. Galanin concentrations were higher in +Zn than in Zn rats (P < 0.05) and higher in +Zn rats preferring fat than in +Zn rats preferring cho (P < 0.05). Hepatic pyruvate kinase (PK) mRNA concentrations were related to cho preference, regardless of zinc status. When PK mRNA levels were measured in rats consuming a single AIN- 93-based diet, PK mRNA levels were significantly reduced by zinc deficiency (P < 0.05). Because PK is highly regulated by insulin, the effect of insulin may be reduced by zinc deficiency, making it more difficult for Zn rats to catabolize dietary cho. This may explain why some Zn rats switched from preferring cho to fat after developing zinc deficiency.
The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 128 No. 1 January 1998,
pp. 43-49
Copyright ©1998 by the American Society for Nutritional Sciences
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