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The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 127 No. 4 April 1997, pp. 630-636
Copyright ©1997 by the American Society for Nutritional Sciences

Acid-Induced Gastric Damage in Rats Is Aggravated by Starvation and Prevented by Several Nutrients

Manuscript received 7 June 1996. Initial reviews completed 8 July 1996. Revision accepted 26 November 1996.

Chen-Road Hung and Su-Lin Neu

Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 70101 Taiwan, Republic of China

The aggravation of acid-induced gastric damage and its prevention by glucose, ascorbate or glutathione precursors was studied in fed and food-deprived rats. The stomachs of fed rats and those starved for 1, 3 or 5 d were vagotomized just before irrigating for 3 h with solutions containing 0-150 mmol HCl/L. Mucosal glutathione, mucus, lipid peroxides and acid back-diffusion were measured. Stomach ulcers were evaluated by morphological and histological examination. The preventive effects of glucose, ascorbate and a mixture of L-glutamine, L-glycine and L-cysteine were evaluated in the stomachs of rats that were starved for 5 d, vagotomized, then perfused for 3 h with 100 mmol HCl/L. Greater acid back-diffusion and ulcer formation, and lower glutathione and mucus levels in starved rats were dependent on the duration of starvation and luminal acidity. Increased acid back-diffusion and decreased glutathione and mucus production were negatively correlated (r < -0.80, P < 0.05) with ulcer formation. A significant enhancement in mucosal lipid peroxide concentration and serious damage of forestomach and corpus mucosal cells were observed in starved rats exposed to 100 mmol HCl/L. These ulcerogenic factors were effectively inhibited in acid-perfused stomachs of food-deprived rats by daily intraperitoneal injection of the amino acid mixture (150 mg/kg) or by an average daily consumption via drinking water of glucose (10 g) or ascorbate (1.2 g). Starvation aggravated acid-induced gastric damage and was associated with greater acid back-diffusion and oxygen radical generation, and lower mucosal glutathione and mucus production.

Key words: starvation, gastric ulceration, acid back-diffusion, glutathione, ascorbate, rats.




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