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Calcium Bioavailability from Bovine Milk and Dairy Products in Premenopausal Women Using Intrinsic and Extrinsic Labeling Techniques^1,2,

Kwangok P. Nickel, Berdine R. Martin³, David L. Smith^*, Jean B. Smith^*, Gregory D. Miller and Connie M. Weaver

Department of Foods & Nutrition ^* Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 National Dairy Council, Rosemont, IL 60018-5610

Stable isotopes were used to compare calcium fractional absorption from intrinsically and extrinsically labeled bovine milk as well as intrinsically labeled dairy product and cheese analogue. Healthy Caucasian women were fed a controlled diet for 4 d during the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle. With breakfast on the third day, participants ingested milk containing ⁴⁴Ca (intrinsic) and ⁴²CaCl₂ (extrinsic) or dairy products containing ⁴⁴Ca. Total feces were collected for 2 d prior to and 10 d after isotope ingestion. Polyethylene glycol was administered to monitor completeness of fecal collections. Total calcium was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and isotopic abundance was determined by high resolution fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Fractional absorption was determined as the difference between the administered isotopic dose and the quantity of ⁴⁴Ca or ⁴²Ca excreted in feces. The fractional absorption of calcium from milk was not affected by the method of labeling, lactose content, fermentation or the chemical form of calcium in dairy products or cheese analogue.

KEY WORDS: • calcium absorption • labeling • stable isotope • dairy products • humans

¹ Supported by the Wisconsin Milk Marketing Board and Kraft General Foods.

² The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 9 March 1995. Revision accepted 24 January 1996.

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