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Diallyl Disulfide Suppresses the Growth of Human Colon Tumor Cell Xenografts in Athymic Nude Mice^1,2,3,

Department of Nutrition, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802

The present studies examined the antiproliferative effects of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on the growth of human colon tumor cell line, HCT-15, xenografts in 6-wk-old female NCr nu/nu mice with an initial body weight of 20–22 g. Intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg DADS thrice weekly reduced tumor volume by 69% (P < 0.05) without apparent ill consequences such as altered growth of the host. Providing this quantity of DADS intragastrically also inhibited growth of the HCT-15 tumor. At equivalent DADS dosages, intraperitoneal treatment was proportionately more effective (P < 0.05) in reducing tumor growth than gastric intubation. Tumor inhibition caused by DADS (0.5 mg thrice weekly) was similar to that occurring with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment (0.5 mg thrice weekly). Combining DADS and 5-FU was no more effective in inhibiting tumor growth than using either compound alone. However, concurrent DADS treatment significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the depression in leukocyte counts and spleen weight and prevented the elevated plasma urea caused by 5-FU treatment. These data suggest that DADS, a constituent of garlic oil, reduces the toxicity of 5-FU and is an effective antitumorigenic agent against xenografts resulting from an established human colon tumor cell line.

KEY WORDS: • diallyl disulfide • tumors • nude mice • colon • 5-fluorouracil

¹ Supported by Wakunaga of America Co., Ltd., Mission Viejo, CA 92691 and the American Institute of Cancer Research Grant No. 207A.

² Presented in part at Experimental Biology 95, April 1995, Atlanta, GA [Sundaram, S. G. & Milner, J. A. (1995). Diallyl disulfide present in garlic oil inhibits both in vitro and in vivo growth of human colon tumor cells, FASEB J. 9:A869 (abs.)].

³ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

⁴ To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.

Manuscript received 2 August 1995. Revision accepted 25 January 1996.

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