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A Diet High in Wheat Fiber Decreases the Bioavailability of Soybean Isoflavones in a Single Meal Fed to Women^1,2,

Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011

The absorption of some dietary components may be inhibited by dietary fiber. To study the effect of dietary fiber on the bioavailability of isoflavones, seven healthy women were randomly assigned in a crrossover design to a control diet containing 15 g dietary fiber or a wheat fiber-supplemented diet containing 40 g dietary fiber, both fed with a single dose of 0.9 mg isoflavones/kg body weight from tofu or texturized vegetable protein (TVP). The fiber-rich diet produced 55% lower plasma genistein at 24 h after soy dosing (P < 0.05) and reduced total urinary genistein by 20% (P < 0.03). Urinary daidzein was not significantly related to fiber intake. Highly insoluble, dietary wheat fiber reduced the absorption of genistein probably by its bulking effect and hydrophobic binding to this compound. Urinary genistein was greater by 23% after tofu than after TVP consumption (P < 0.02), but the percentage of ingested genistein recovered in urine was not affected by soy product intake. The higher urinary genistein after tofu consumption compared with TVP was apparently due to differences in amount of genistein between these soy foods, not the different forms of genistein present in these two soy food products.

KEY WORDS: • isoflavones • dietary fiber • bioavailability • humans

¹ Supported by National Institutes of Health grant CA-56308-02. Journal paper no. J-16169 Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA, project no. 3075.

² The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 6 January 1995. Revision accepted 12 December 1995.

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