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Dietary Components Modify the Ability of Garlic to Suppress 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-Induced Mammary DNA Adducts^1,2,3,

Department of Nutrition, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802

Various dietary components were evaluated as factors influencing garlic's ability to depress rat mammary cell DNA adducts resulting from 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) treatment. Diets with or without garlic powder (20 g/kg) were provided for 2 wk before DMBA treatment (25 mg/kg body weight). Rats fed diets containing 36 g casein/100 g diet had 31% fewer (P < 0.05) mammary cell DNA adducts than those fed 12g/100 g. Garlic supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) reduced DNA adducts in rats fed either 12 or 36 g casein/100 g by 35 and 32%, respectively. In the absence of dietary garlic, DNA adducts were 23% lower (P < 0.05) in rats provided a diet containing supplemental L-methionine at 0.9 g/100 g than at 0.3 g/100 g. However, adduct inhibition by garlic supplementation was greater in rats fed the lower (P < 0.05) amount of methionine (54 vs. 26% inhibition). Adduct levels in rats fed diets with 20 g corn oil/100 g were twice those occurring in rats fed 5 g/100 g (P < 0.05), regardless of adjustment for energy density. Garlic supplementation prevented the increase in DNA adducts caused by increasing dietary corn oil. Combining dietary supplements of garlic, selenite (0.5 mg/kg diet) and retinyl acetate (328 mg/kg diet) inhibited the occurrence of DNA adducts to a greater degree than when each was supplied individually. These studies demonstrate that while dietary garlic can reduce DNA adduct formation in mammary tissue caused by DMBA, this protection is influenced by several dietary components.

KEY WORDS: • garlic • protein • methionine • lipids • selenium • 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene • rats

¹ Supported in part by funds from American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) No. 223K and Wakunaga of America Co., Ltd., Mission Viejo, CA.

² Presented in part at Experimental Biology 92, April 1992, Anaheim, CA [Zoumas, C., Amagase, H. & Milner, J. A. (1992) Impact of dietary lipid, protein and methionine on the ability of garlic to decrease binding of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene to mammary DNA. FASEB J. 6: A1392 (abs.)].

³ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 22 August 1995. Revision accepted 14 December 1995.

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