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Hypoxia Inhibits Gastric Emptying and Gastric Acid Secretion in Conscious Rats^1,2,

Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, University of Osaka Prefecture, Sakai, Osaka 593, Japan

This study examines the effects of hypoxia on the gastric function in conscious rats which adapted to a meal-feeding schedule, that allowed free access to a high protein (HP) diet (550 g casein/kg diet, Exp. 1, 2 and 4), a normal protein (NP) diet (200 g casein/kg diet, Exp. 3) or a nonpurified rat (NPR) diet (Exp. 5 and 6) for 4 h every day for 2 wk. In Exp. 1, after 4 h of consuming the HP diet, rats were exposed to 7.6 or 10.5% O₂ normobaric hypoxia. Hypoxia delayed the excretion of urinary urea for 12 h. In Exp. 2 and 3, when rats were exposed to 7.6% O₂ after 4 h of consuming the HP diet and exposed to 10.5% O₂ after 4 h of consuming the NP diet, respectively, a significant delay in gastric emptying was found in the hypoxic rats. In Exp. 4, when rats were exposed to 7.6 O₂ hypoxia after 4 h of eating the HP diet, the plasma gastrin concentration in the 7.6% O₂ hypoxic rats was 2.3-fold that of the normoxic rats after 6 h of hypoxia. Furthermore, when rats that did not consume any HP diet on the day of the experiment were exposed to 7.6 or 10.5% O₂ hypoxia, the plasma gastrin concentration was higher in both hypoxic groups than in the normoxic group after 3 and 6 h of hypoxia. In Exp. 5, rats that were not fed the NPR diet on the day of study were exposed to 7.6 or 10.5% O₂ hypoxia for 3 h after pylorus ligation. Hypoxia inhibited the secretion of gastric acid and elevated the plasma gastrin concentration. In Exp. 6, unfed rats that had been consuming the NPR diet were exposed to 7.6% O₂ hypoxia for 3 h after pylorus ligation and were orally administered HCl. The rise of the gastrin concentration due to hypoxia was completely inhibited by oral HCl. These results demonstrate that hypoxia inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid secretion and that the inhibitory effect of hypoxia on gastric acid secretion stimulates gastrin release through positive feedback regulation.

KEY WORDS: • gastrin • gastric acid secretion • gastric emptying • normobaric hypoxia • rats

¹ Supported by Grant-in-Aid (05660146) for scientific research (to Yoshihisa Nakano) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture.

² The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 31 July 1995. Revision accepted 30 November 1995.

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