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Hepatic Cytochrome P450 and UDP-Glucuronosyl Transferase Are Affected by Five Sources of Dietary Fiber in Germ-Free Rats^1,2,

INRA, Unité d'Ecologie et Physiologie du Système Digestif, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France ^* INSERM, Laboratoire de Biochimie (U75), CHU Necker, 75730 Paris Cedex, France

The influence of dietary fiber on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (XME) was assessed using germ-free rats fed inulin and other sources of fiber (wheat bran, carrot, cocoa and oat). The consumption of cocoa fiber greatly modified the hepatic cytochrome P450 isoenzymatic profile, causing a strong enhancement of 1A2 and 2B1/B2 forms, concomitant with a significant decrease of the constitutive form 2C11, compared with all of the other types of fiber. Moreover, rats fed the cocoa fiber diet had a higher specific activity of hepatic UDP-glucuronosyl transferase than their carrot fiber- and wheat bran-fed counterparts. Intestinal UDP-glucuronosyl transferase was unaffected by the type of ingested fiber. Diet composition also did not alter the specific activity of glutathione-S-transferase in the liver, small intestine, or colon. Using earlier results obtained in heteroxenic rats, we show that intestinal microflora plays a key role in some of the effects of fiber on XME, although this is not a necessary prerequisite for all of the liver alterations.

KEY WORDS: • dietary fiber • rats • xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes • intestinal microflora

¹ Supported by grants from the Ministry of Research and Space, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forests, and from Groupe Danone, France.

² The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 23 June 1995. Revision accepted 25 October 1995.