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Food Intake Is Inversely Correlated with Central Nervous System Histamine Receptor (H₁) Concentrations in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats Fed Normal, Low Protein, Low Energy or Poor Quality Protein Diets^1,2,

Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0054

The reported studies were designed to examine relationships between whole-brain histamine receptors (H₁) and food intake in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Three different experiments were conducted. In each experiment, control rats were fed normal protein (25 g casein/100 g food) and normal metabolizable energy (16.21 kJ/100 g food) diets. Feeding low protein diets (1 g casein/100 g food) elevated central H₁ receptor concentrations (P < 0.0027) and reduced voluntary food intake (P < 0.007) compared with normal diets. Feeding low energy diets lowered H₁ receptor concentrations (P < 0.0089) and increased voluntary food intake (P < 0.0012). Low quality protein diets also affected the central nervous histaminergic system. Whole-brain H₁ receptor concentrations were significantly higher for rats fed low quality protein (25 g gelatin/100 g food) compared with rats fed casein (P < 0.0001). Rats fed medium quality protein (25 g wheat gluten/100 g food) or low quality protein ate significantly less food (P < 0.0001). In all experiments, dietary manipulation affected central histamine receptors. Elevated concentrations of H₁ receptors were associated with a decrease in food intake whereas lowered concentrations of H₁ receptors were associated with an increase in food intake (P < 0.001). The results of these experiments support the hypothesis that central histamine H₁ receptor concentrations in male rats are inversely correlated with voluntary food intake and affected by dietary composition.

KEY WORDS: • histamine receptor • food intake • rats • low protein • low energy

¹ Supported by U.S. Department of Agriculture NRICGP grant # 9400531 and the Agricultural Experiment Station, The University of Kentucky.

² The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

³ To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.

Manuscript received 18 March 1996. Revision accepted 5 September 1996.