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Manganese Protects against Heart Mitochondrial Lipid Peroxidation in Rats Fed High Levels of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids^1,2,3,

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706

We demonstrated previously that dietary manganese (Mn) deficiency depressed Mn concentrations in most tissues and consistently depressed Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) levels in heart. To examine the functional consequences of these effects, we fed weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 12/diet) diets containing 20% (wt/wt) corn oil or 19% menhaden oil + 1% corn oil by weight and 0.75 or 82 mg Mn/kg diet for 2 mo (the fish oil mixture was supplemented with +-(mixed)--tocopherol to the level in corn oil). Heart and liver Mn concentrations in the Mn-deficient rats were 56% of those in Mn-adequate rats (P < 0.0001), confirming Mn deficiency. The Mn-deficient rats had more conjugated dienes in heart mitochondria than Mn-adequate rats (P < 0.001); rats fed fish oil had more conjugated dienes than those fed corn oil (P < 0.001). The MnSOD activity was inversely correlated with conjugated dienes (r = -0.71, P < 0.005), and Mn-deficient rats had 37% less MnSOD activity in the heart than did Mn-adequate rats (P < 0.0001). The dietary treatments did not affect heart microsomal conjugated diene formation, possibly because of compensation by copper-zinc (CuZn) SOD activity; CuZnSOD activities were 35% greater in the hearts of Mn-deficient animals (P < 0.01). Liver was less sensitive to Mn deficiency than was the heart as judged by MnSOD activity and conjugated diene formation. This work is the first to demonstrate that dietary Mn protects against in vivo oxidation of heart mitochondrial membranes.

KEY WORDS: • manganese • superoxide dismutase • lipid peroxidation • dietary fat • rats

¹ Presented at Experimental Biology 95, April 1995, Atlanta, GA [Malecki, E. A. & Greger, J. L. (1995) Manganese (Mn) protects against mitochondrial lipid peroxidation in rats fed high levels of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids. FASEB J. 9: A577 (abs.)].

² Supported by the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, project no. 2623, and NIH Grant R01-DK41940.

³ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 1 May 1995. Revision accepted 14 August 1995.

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