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Rat Plasma VLDL Composition and Concentration and Hepatic Lipase and Lipoprotein Lipase Activities Are Impaired during Two Types of Protein Malnutrition and Unaffected by Balanced Refeeding^1,2,3,

Myriem Y. Lamri^*, Malika Meghelli-Bouchenak^*, Ahmed Boualga^*, Jacques Belleville^,4 and Josiane Prost

^* Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale et de la Nutrition, Institut des Sciences de la Nature, Université d'Oran-31000 Es Senia, Algeria Unité de Nutrition Cellulaire et Métabolique, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, Universityé de Bourgogne, BP 138, 21004 Dijon Cedex, France

The relationships between VLDL concentrations and composition and changes in hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase activities were determined in rats, during the consumption of two low protein diets (2% casein or 5% gluten) (protein malnutrition) for 28 d, followed by the refeeding of a balanced diet for 14 d (15% casein) (refeeding). A control group was fed 15% casein for 42 d. In the control group, total lipolytic activity increased with age (r = 0.83, P < 0.001), whereas in both depleted groups, this activity remained low and stable throughout the period of protein malnutrition. At d 28 of protein malnutrition, plasma total lipolytic activities were significantly reduced in both depleted groups, (P < 0.05); hepatic lipase values represented 23% of the control value and lipoprotein lipase activity was about 11% of the control value. Moreover, lipid supply was even more dramatically diminished by the strong reduction in plasma VLDL concentration in both depleted groups. At d 14 of refeeding, lipoprotein lipase activities remained low in both depleted groups. Hepatic lipase activity was similar in the control and casein groups, but significantly higher in the gluten group. The VLDL composition varied significantly with each type of protein malnutrition and could be attributable to the different low levels of plasma VLDL-apolipoprotein C of rats fed both depleted protein diets, which involve an inhibiting or activating effect on lipoprotein lipase activity. Therefore, our results indicated that both protein-deficient diets investigated may diminish fatty acid supply in the various tissues involved.

KEY WORDS: • hepatic lipase • protein malnutrition • lipoprotein lipase • refeeding • rats

¹ Presented in part at the 1st Symposium of Human and Animal Nutrition, Rennes, France, September 9–11, 1992 [Lamri, M. Y., Meghelli-Bouchenak, M., Boualga, A., Belleville, J. and Prost, J. (1993) Title of the abstract. Nutr. Clin. Metabol. 7: 261 (abs.)].

² This work was supported by the French Foreign Office with International Research Extension grants 86 MES 25B and by the Research and PHD Studies Office (D.R.E.D.) EA DRED 564.

³ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 8 August 1994. Revision accepted 6 March 1995.