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Malnutrition and Cognitive Development: Evidence from Experimental/Quasi-Experimental Studies among the Mild-to-Moderately Malnourished¹

Psychology Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405

The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the current literature on the relationship between malnutrition and cognitive development, with particular emphasis on data from experimental and quasi-experimental studies. The review provides a discussion of relevant issues of concern, including current knowledge regarding the specific outcomes affected by malnutrition, the significance of the timing of such insults, issues of differential responsivity, the role of specific nutrients, and the potential mechanisms. The implications of such findings for policy and directions for future research are discussed.

KEY WORDS: • malnutrition • cognitive development • protein deficiency

¹ Paper prepared for the International Dietary Energy Consultative Group (IDECG) Task Force workshop on malnutrition and behavior at the University of California, Davis, CA, December 6-10, 1993. This workshop was supported by IDECG, the Nestlé Foundation, Kraft Foods and the International Union for Nutritional Science. Guest editor for this supplement was Ernesto Pollitt, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed: Psychology Department, John Dewey Hall, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405.