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Dietary Lipid and Iron Status Modulate Lipid Peroxidation in Rats with Induced Adjuvant Arthritis^1,2,

Jordi Muntané, Maria T. Mitjavila³, Maria C. Rodríguez, Pere Puig-Parellada^*, Yvette Fernandez and Salvador Mitjavila

Unity of physiology, Faculty of Biology ^* Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain Laboratory of Xenobiotics, INRA, 31931 Toulouse, France

We studied the effect of dietary lipids on iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation during induced adjuvant arthritis and/or iron overload in rats. We compared a control diet containing corn oil and rapeseed oil with a diet devoid of polyunsaturated fatty acids containing only tripalmitin as lipids. Four subgroups of rats were used with each diet: without further treatment, with induction of adjuvant arthritis, with iron overload, and with induction of adjuvant arthritis and iron overload. The profile of fatty acids present in plasma and in microsomes changed in rats fed the tripalmitin diet. The level of tetra- and pentaunsaturated fatty acids was reduced, and the level of monounsaturated fatty acids and iron stores was increased with respect to control rats. Thus, ingestion of a tripalmitin diet reduced the substrate for lipid peroxidation, as shown by the decrease in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in plasma and conjugated dienes in hepatic microsomal fraction. Adjuvant arthritis and iron overload had a synergistic effect on lipid peroxidation and iron storage in liver. Further, in the hepatic microsomal fraction, tripalmitin reduced the levels of cytochrome P-450, and arthritis reduced the levels of cytochrome P-450 and Ca²⁺ sequestration. Our results suggest that rats fed tripalmitin showed a reduction of lipid peroxidation induced by inflammation or by iron overload, because of the lack of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet, although tripalmitin usually increases the iron stores in the body and causes hepatic alterations.

KEY WORDS: • adjuvant-induced arthritis • iron • polyunsaturated fatty acids • lipid peroxidation • rats

¹ Supported by the Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica (DGICYT) PB 91-0432 and by the Acción Integrada Hispano-Francesa (40/1989).

² The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 25 July 1994. Revision accepted 7 February 1995.