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Species Variation in Mechanisms for Modulation of Growth by Beta-Adrenergic Receptors^1,2,

USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030

Beta-adrenergic agonists have been fed to avian and mammalian species to modulate growth. Such treatment produces increased rate of gain, decreased feed consumption, increased skeletal muscle and decreased fat accretion. There is good evidence for the inhibition of adipose tissue lipogenesis and stimulation of lipolysis as well as stimulation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis and inhibition of degradation. Other effects include increased blood flow and modulation of plasma concentration of various hormones. The degree to which each of these effects is observed varies considerably between experiments. Some of the diversity may be explained by species and/or tissue differences in distribution of beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes, in structure and, consequently, in response of receptors and in the pharmacodynamics of the agonist. In addition, several different agonists have been used, adding further complexity. Oversimplification by extrapolation of research observations across species and agonists may confuse attempts to derive mechanisms for the growth modulation effects of beta-adrenergic agonists in vivo.

KEY WORDS: • skeletal muscle • adipose tissue • beta-adrenergic receptors • beta-adrenergic agonists

¹ Presented as part of the 59th Annual Poultry Nutrition Conference: Metabolic Modifiers, given at the Experimental Biology '94 meeting, Anaheim, CA, on April 24, 1994. This conference was sponsored by the American Institute of Nutrition and was supported by grants from Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Smith Kline Beecham Animal Health Products, Perdue Farms Inc., Kemin Industries Inc., and Prince Agri Products, Inc. The guest editor for this conference was Theodore H. Elsasser, Ruminant Nutrition Lab, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD.

² Supported in part with federal funds from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement 58-6250-1-003. The contents of this publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. Government.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030.

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