QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Schroeder, D. G. Articles by Habicht, J.-P. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Schroeder, D. G. Articles by Habicht, J.-P.

Age Differences in the Impact of Nutritional Supplementation on Growth^1,2,

Dirk G. Schroeder^*,3, Reynaldo Martorell^*, Juan A. Rivera, Marie T. Ruel and Jean-Pierre Habicht

^* Department of International Health, The Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Centro de Investigaciones en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 62508 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México Division of Nutrition and Health, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6301

Supplementary feeding programs are common in developing countries. These programs often cannot demonstrate an impact on child growth, however, possibly because they tend to reach older children. This study examines the impact of nutritional supplementation on annual growth rates in length and weight from birth to 7 y of age in 1208 rural Guatemalan children. A series of multiple linear regression models is used to control for initial body size, diarrheal disease, home diet, socioeconomic status and gender. During the first year of life, each 100 kcal/d (418 kJ) of supplement was associated with 9 mm in additional length gain and 350 g in additional weight gain; the benefit decreased to 5 mm in length gain and 250 g in weight gain during the 2nd y of life. Between 24 and 36 mo of age, supplement only had a significant impact on length. There was no impact of nutritional supplementation on growth between 3 and 7 y of age. Patterns were the same if supplement intakes were expressed as a percent of recommended allowances or growth was expressed as a percent of the expected rate. These impacts of nutritional supplementation on growth coincide with the ages when growth velocities, as well as growth deficits, are greatest in this population.

KEY WORDS: • nutritional supplementation • growth • child • age • Guatemala

¹ Presented in the symposium on Nutrition, Growth, and Development, FASEB, March 28 to April 1, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana. Published as a supplement to The Journal of Nutrition. Guest editors for this supplemental publication were Reynaldo Martorell, The Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, and Nevin Scrimshaw, The United Nations University, Boston, MA.

² Supported by NIH grant HD-22440 and by a grant from the Pew Charitable Trusts.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Department of International Health, The Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd., N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30322.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. D. Stein, M. Wang, A. DiGirolamo, R. Grajeda, U. Ramakrishnan, M. Ramirez-Zea, K. Yount, and R. Martorell Nutritional Supplementation in Early Childhood, Schooling, and Intellectual Functioning in Adulthood: A Prospective Study in Guatemala Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, July 1, 2008; 162(7): 612 - 618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. H. Humphrey Underweight Malnutrition in Infants in Developing Countries: An Intractable Problem Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, July 1, 2008; 162(7): 692 - 694. [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Leroy, A. Garcia-Guerra, R. Garcia, C. Dominguez, J. Rivera, and L. M. Neufeld The Oportunidades Program Increases the Linear Growth of Children Enrolled at Young Ages in Urban Mexico J. Nutr., April 1, 2008; 138(4): 793 - 798. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. D. Stein, M. Wang, M. Ramirez-Zea, R. Flores, R. Grajeda, P. Melgar, U. Ramakrishnan, and R. Martorell Exposure to a Nutrition Supplementation Intervention in Early Childhood and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Adulthood: Evidence from Guatemala Am. J. Epidemiol., December 15, 2006; 164(12): 1160 - 1170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. R Waters, M. E Penny, H. M Creed-Kanashiro, R. C Robert, R. Narro, J. Willis, L. E Caulfield, and R. E Black The cost-effectiveness of a child nutrition education programme in Peru Health Policy Plan., July 1, 2006; 21(4): 257 - 264. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. P. Gigante, B. L. Horta, R. C. Lima, F. C. Barros, and C. G. Victora Early Life Factors Are Determinants of Female Height at Age 19 Years in a Population-Based Birth Cohort (Pelotas, Brazil) J. Nutr., February 1, 2006; 136(2): 473 - 478. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Rivera, D. Sotres-Alvarez, J.-P. Habicht, T. Shamah, and S. Villalpando Impact of the Mexican Program for Education, Health, and Nutrition (Progresa) on Rates of Growth and Anemia in Infants and Young Children: A Randomized Effectiveness Study JAMA, June 2, 2004; 291(21): 2563 - 2570. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]